1996至2000年全国先天性腹裂畸形监测资料分析  

An epidemiological investigation on gastroschisis in China during 1996 to 2000

作　　者：周光萱[1] 朱军[1] 代礼[1] 王艳萍[1] 粱娟[1] 缪蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西第二医院全国妇幼卫生监测办公室,成都610041

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2005年第4期257-259,共3页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的对1996至2000年全国先天性腹裂畸形的变化趋势以及流行病学特征进行分析。方法1996至2000年全国31个省、自治区、直辖市(不包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾省)的450～466所县级以上医院参加全国出生缺陷监测,监测对象为孕满28周以上出生的围产儿,最大诊断期限为生后7d。结果1996至2000年全国共监测2218616例新生婴儿,其中腹裂畸形患儿569例。全国的腹裂总发生率为2.56/万,城市的发生率为1.98/万,农村的发生率为3.93/万;男性的发生率为2.15/万,女性的发生率为2.64/万,差异均有统计学意义。1996至2000年间腹裂的发生率无上升趋势。腹裂的发生率孕母<20岁年龄组是25～29岁年龄组的5.4倍,但1996至2000年期间孕母年龄<20岁组的围产儿腹裂发生率没有出现上升趋势(P>0.05)。腹裂畸形围产期产前诊断比例为41.46%。27.44%腹裂畸形为多发畸形。围产期腹裂畸形的死亡率为74.69%。结论1996至2000年我国腹裂畸形没有出现上升趋势。孕母年龄<20岁是围产儿腹裂发生的危险因素。我国腹裂畸形围产期死亡高。Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of gastroschisis in China from 1996 to 2000.Methods The birth defects monitoring program was undertaken in 450-466 hospitals from 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions of China. Data about births including intrauterine death and stillbirth of 28 weeks of gestation was collected to report through the medical records over the time period 1996 to 2000. The maximal diagnosis time was up to 1 week after the delivery. The international Classification of Diseases of Ninth Revision with some modifications was used to code the birth defects.Results A total of 569 cases with gastroschisis was found in 2 218 616 births monitored. The overall birth incidence of gastroschisis was 2.56 per 10 000 births during the monitored period. The increasing trend of incidence of gastroschisis hadn’t been found (P>0.05). The birth incidence of gastroschisis in rural areas was significant higher than that in urban areas (3.93 vs.1.98 per 10 000,P<0.01). There was also significantly difference on birth incidence between female and male (2.64 vs. 2.15 per 10 000 births,P<0.05). The birth incidence of gastroschisis in the mothers less than 20 years old was the highest among all mothers age, which were at 5.4 times increased risk relative to that of mother age of 25-29 years old. The overall perinatal mortality rate of gastroschisis was 74.69 percent, and 41.46 percent of gastroschisis were diagnosised before birth. 27.44 percent of cases were accompanied with other major defects.Conclusions There was no increasing trend on the incidence of gastroschisis to be found in China during 1996 to 2000. The mother age less than 20 years old was at an increasing risk of fetal gastroschisis. The cases with gastroschisis had a high perinatal mortality rate.

关 键 词：2000年 腹裂畸形 监测资料分析 先天性 澳门特别行政区 流行病学特征 出生缺陷监测 县级以上医院 上升趋势 发生率 孕母年龄 围产儿 20岁 围产期 新生婴儿 畸形患儿 产前诊断 多发畸形 危险因素 年龄组 台湾省 统计学 死亡率 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]