国人骶孔形态学测量  

Morphometry of Chinese sacral foramina morphology

作　　者：杨志勇[1] 樊锐[1] 董磊[1] 陈实[2] 杨君君[1] 王南[1] 王沛[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学医学院2001级临床医学二系,上海200092 [2]同济大学医学院基础医学院人体解剖学教研室,上海200092 [3]同济大学医院护理部,上海200092

出　　处：《局解手术学杂志》2005年第4期217-219,共3页Journal of Regional Anatomy and Operative Surgery

摘　　要：目的观察骶孔形态特征,为骶骨手术提供解剖学依据。方法选取60例骶骨标本男女性各30例,测量骶孔深度,骶后孔下缘和内侧缘分别到同侧骶角和后正中线的距离,骶后孔的横径和纵径,骶前孔和骶后孔的外侧缘及下缘的相对关系,骶角到同侧耳状面下缘的距离。结果得出了各骶孔深度,各骶后孔横纵径,骶角到耳状面下缘的距离,改进了一种定位骶后孔的方法,初步得出骶前孔外侧缘和下缘相对骶后孔的位置。结论本实验研究可以帮助医生对骶后孔进行更为准确的定位并初步了解骶后孔与骶前孔之间的关系,为临床麻醉、疼痛治疗、针灸以及骶骨手术的后入路设计提供解剖学参考。Objective To observe the morphologic characters of the sacral foramina for providing anatomic foundation for operation on the sacrum. Methods Measurements were performed on 60 sacrum specimens. We gauged the depth of sacral foramina, the distance between the inferior hem of posterior sacral foramina and the sacral comu on the same side, the length from medial hem of sacral foramina to the posterior sacral median line, the value of the transverse and longitudinal diameter of the posterior sacral foramina, the location of the anterior sacral foramina relatived to the corresponding posterior sacral foramina, the distance between the sacral comu and the inferior edge of auricular surface. Results According to the measurement and analysis, the amotmt of sacral foramina depth and transverse and longitudinal diameter of posterior sacral foramina, and the distance between sacral comu and the inferior edge of auricular surface were obtained. We also draw a conclusion of the difference between the anterior sacral foramina and the posterior sacral foramina in the location. Besides, a way to locate the sites of sacral foramina was improved. Conclusion The parameters in this article will help doctors to determine the position of the posterior sacral foramina more accurately and tmderstand the relation between the anterior sacral foramina and the posterior sacral foramina primarily, providing anatomic proof for clinical anesthesia, treatment of pains, acupuncture and moxibnstion, and design of posterior approach for operations on the sacrum.

关 键 词：骶后孔 骶前孔 骶角 耳状面 解剖学 

分 类 号：R322.71[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]