年鉴学派与环境史学  

On the Annals School and the Environmental History

作　　者：高国荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界历史所,助理研究员100006

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2005年第3期127-136,共10页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：战后率先在美国兴起的环境史,与法国年鉴学派既有亲缘关系,又存在不少差异。年鉴学派对环境史学的启示在于,它重视自然地理等结构因素对历史发展的作用,它提出了总体史观念和跨学科研究方法,它强调历史和现实之间的紧密联系。但环境史学与年鉴学派不仅在产生背景、研究重点方面有比较大的差别,而且在人与自然的关系问题上也有着不同的认识。环境史学强调人与自然的相互影响和生态的变化,而年鉴学派则强调社会结构等因素的决定性和自然因素的稳定性,此外,环境史学具有比年鉴学派强烈得多的文化批判意识。The Environmental history rising first in postwar U.S.A. exists relationship with the Annals School of France. It gets inspiration from the latter. Annals School emphasizes the role of geography, the concept of total history, approach of multidiscipline and the closed relationship between practice and history. All of these give a significant influence on environmental history. However there are some differences between them, such as the background of rising, the central topics to research and the emotions of the subject of knowledge. In additional, environmental history attaches much more importance to the interactions between nature and mankind, much more stressing on the transformation of ecology, while Annals School much more emphasizes the stability of natural condition and gives much more prominence to social structure. The environmental history also has stronger conscious of cultural criticize.

关 键 词：年鉴学派 环境史学 社会结构 学科建设 文化批判意识 美学价值 

分 类 号：K091[历史地理—历史学]