燃烧室参数对小型柴油机突增负荷工况燃烧及HC排放的影响  

Effects of Combustion Chamber Parameters on Combustion and HC Emissions of a Small Diesel Engine at Sudden Load-up Operating Conditions

作　　者：孙万臣[1] 刘忠长[1] 刘巽俊[1] 宫本登[2] 小川英之[2] 河辺隆夫[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学内燃机工程系,长春130025 [2]北海道大学工学部

出　　处：《燃烧科学与技术》2005年第4期336-340,共5页Journal of Combustion Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50476007);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)资助项目(2001CB209205);吉林省科技发展计划资助项目(20040512);教育部留学回国人员科研起动基金资助项目(2004-5278);吉林大学创新基金资助项目(200408).

摘　　要：应用自行开发的柴油机瞬态工况控制系统及排气采集装置,对小型柴油机突增负荷工况下的燃烧及HC排放特性进行了实验研究,利用气相色谱仪分析了HC排放成分.设计了不同参数的燃烧室,研究了不同压缩比(13～19)和燃烧室形状对柴油机燃烧及HC排放的影响.研究结果表明,同一燃烧室在突增负荷工况,燃油开始增加后,THC排放量急剧增加,最大值达到稳态工况的100倍.随循环数的增加,滞燃期缩短,HC排放逐渐减少.HC排放成分中LHC占有很大比例,其中乙烯和丙烯最多.随压缩比的降低,滞燃期延长,HC排放明显增加.压缩比相同时适当缩小燃烧室直径,有助于降低HC排放.The combustion and HC emissions at sudden load-up operating conditions were investigated on a small diesel engine under different combustion chamber parameters with a home-made transient operation control and exhaust measurement system. HC emissions components were analyzed by gas chromatogram. Effects of different compression ratios （ 13 - 19） and designed combustion chamber shapes on combustion and HC emissions were studied. Experimental results showed that by using the same chamber THC emissions rapidly increased under sudden load-up operating conditions, and the peak ap- proximately reached 100 times of steady operations. With the increase of sampling cycle times, the ignition delay was decreased and HC emissions were reduced. LHC especially ethene and propylene were the majority components of HC emissions. With the decrease of compress ratio, HC emissions were increased and the ignition delay was prolonged. Reducing combustion chamber diameter was propitious to reduce HC emissions under the same compress ratio.

关 键 词：柴油机 突增负荷 燃烧室 燃烧 排放 

分 类 号：TK421.5[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]