多环芳烃菲在不同土壤及其组分中的吸附特征研究  

Adsorption Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Phenanthrene on Typical Soils and Their Components

作　　者：许端平[1] 陈洪[1] 曹云者[2] 谷庆宝[2] 王宛华[2] 李发生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京校区)化学与环境工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2005年第4期625-629,共5页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究计划项目(2004CB418501;2003CB415007)

摘　　要：选择江西红壤、北京潮土、黑龙江黑土、新疆灰漠土及从这些土壤样品中提取的胡敏酸与矿物质为吸附剂,研究其对多环芳烃菲的吸附,并对这些胡敏酸及矿物质进行了红外光谱分析。结果表明,吸附等温线经拟合后均符合Freundlich模型,说明这些吸附属多种吸附点同时作用,每种吸附位点表现不同的吸附自由能及位点总剩余度。在试验条件下,几种土壤对菲的吸附能力大小排序为:黑龙江黑土>江西红壤>新疆灰漠土>北京潮土,吸附能力与土壤有机质含量成正相关关系;不同来源胡敏酸吸附能力不同,其大小排序为:灰漠土胡敏酸>潮土胡敏酸>红壤胡敏酸>黑土胡敏酸,吸附能力可能与其中某些基团的含量不同有关,也有可能与胡敏酸的骨架有关,如骨架中的苯环可能会与菲中的平面苯环π电子重迭而形成共轭;土壤矿物质吸附能力大小顺序为:红壤矿物质>黑土矿物质>潮土矿物质>灰漠土矿物质。经红外谱图分析,江西红壤矿物质为高岭石型,北京潮土、黑龙江黑土及新疆灰漠土矿物质属蒙脱土型,说明高岭石型土壤矿物质吸附能力大于蒙脱土型土壤矿物质。A Test with four kinds of typical soils in China, humic acids （HAs） and mineral components isolated from the soil sampies were chosen to adsorb phenanthrene from water. The soils were krasnozem collected from Jiangxi, fluvo-aquic soil collected from Beijing, phaeozem collected from Heilongjiang and grey desert soil collected from Xinjiang, respectively. The humic acids and mineral were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. Under the experiment condition, all the isotherms conform Freundlich model, which means that the adsorption may be caused by recombination action of many kinds of adsorption points, every point has different free energy and total redundancy, The non-linearity of isotherms suggests that the adsorption of phenanthrene on HAs may take place on the condensed domains. The adsorption capacities of soil samples are correlated with the contents of soil organic matter （SOM）; humic acids from different soils change in adsorption amount, which may be caused by the contents of some groups that constitute the macromolecules. On the other hand, it may be caused by the overlap of π-electrons in the aromatic structure of HAs and the planar aromatic rings of PAH molecules. The adsorption amount of phenanthrene on mineral components from krasnozem is the largest and that from phaeozem is smaller while that from grey desert soil is the smallest. From F＇FIR spectra, the result can be reached that mineral components from krasnozem are mainly kaolinites while those from fluvo-aquic soil, phaeozem and grey desert soil are mainly montmorillonites, which means that the adsorption capacity of kaolinites is larger than that of montmorillonites.

关 键 词：土壤 胡敏酸 多环芳烃 菲 吸附 红外光谱 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]