溶微囊藻菌的分离与溶藻作用  

Isolation and algicidal effect of a lytic Microcystis bacterium from Taihu Lake

作　　者：赵传鹏[1] 浦跃朴[1] 尹立红[1] 吕锡武[2] 李先宁[2] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,南京210009 [2]东南大学土木工程学院,南京210096

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第4期602-606,共5页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)资助项目(2002AA601011);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2005068).

摘　　要：从太湖梅梁湾水域放置的除藻中试反应器的人工介质上分离出1株溶藻细菌,并对该株菌溶解铜绿微囊藻和降解微囊藻毒素的效果与机制进行了研究.结果表明,结合形态学、生理与生化特性以及16SrRNA特异性引物扩增综合分析,初步鉴定该株细菌属于假单胞菌属;对源自太湖的微囊藻的最低溶藻细菌浓度为105个/mL;在太湖水、PBS缓冲液和BG11微囊藻培养基等反应体系中对微囊藻均有较强的溶解作用,24h藻细胞溶解率分别为85.9%、67.9%和91.0%,完全溶藻时间为48h.其溶藻方式可能为分泌某种胞外物质所致.该株菌对微囊藻毒素LR(MCLR)也具有较强的降解作用.在MCLR起始质量浓度为2.642μg/L时,细菌对MCLR作用18,36和72h的降解率分别为14.2%、51.3%和100.0%.此菌株在太湖水中保持着较好的生物活性,表现出较强的溶藻与降解MCLR作用.An algicidal bacterium was isolated and identified from synthetic medium of a microcystin treatment apparatus in Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake. Its effects and mechanisms of algicidal activity to Microcystis aeruginosa and degradation of microcystin-LR were studied. The results show that the bacterium can be identified as Pseudomona through the analysis of morphological, physiological, biochemical property and 16S rRNA selective PCR （polymerase chain reaction ）. The significant effects of algicidal activity and degradation of microcystin-LR of the bacteria are found in the study.The minimal algae-lysing concentration for Microcystis aeruginosa from Taihu Lake is 10^5 cells/mL and the 24 hours algae-lysing rates in PBS （phosphate buffer saline）, water from Taihu Lake and BG11 algae medium are 85.9%, 67.9% and 91.0%, respectively. The completely dissolving time is 48 h. The substances released by the bacteria are possibly responsible for the algae-lysing effects.With the initial concentration of 2.642 μg/L, the microcystin-LR degradation rates of the bacterium after 18, 36 and 72 hours exposure are 14.2% ,51.3% and 100.0%, respectively. The bacterium with obvious algae-lysing and microcystin-degrading effects may be useful in control of the algae pollution of Taihu Lake and other water system.

关 键 词：溶藻细菌 假单胞菌属 铜绿微囊藻 微囊藻毒素LR 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]