三峡库区坡地新建梨-旱稻复合系统生态经济效应研究  

Economic and Ecological Effects of Newly Built Pear-Upland Rice System in Sloping Land in Three Gorges Reservoir Area

作　　者：王玉坤[1] 张放[1] 黄冲平[1] 杨京平[1] 张士良[1] 赵长星[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学,浙江杭州310029 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2005年第4期148-151,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国务院三峡建设委员会;重庆市移民局重点项目(X09901);浙江省教育厅重点课题(G29917)

摘　　要：对三峡库区坡地梨-旱稻复合系统的生态经济效应进行了研究。结果表明:与清耕梨园相比,间作旱稻并秸秆还田后,不仅能改善梨园小气候环境,有良好的水土保持作用和改土培肥效果,而且能提高叶片叶绿素含量和光合速率,改善果实内在品质。同时能有效控制田间杂草,减少梨园病虫害的发生,且可消减非点源N污染负荷60.19kg/hm2,非点源P污染负荷8.0kg/hm2。与单一系统相比,复合系统能提高土地利用率44%,具有显著的经济效益。The economic and ecological effects of the pear-upland rice system in sloping land in Three Georges reservoir area were analyzed in this paper. Comparing with the pear mono-cropping orchard, the new pear-upland rice system indicated that： （1）It improved the microclimate environment and soil fertility, reducing soil and water losses and decreased the soil erosion; （2）It increased the content of chlorophyll of pear leaves and the photosynthetic rate, and also improved the intrinsic quality of pear; （3） Weed and pest can be significantly controlled in the system so that it could reduce or limit the application of herbicide and pesticide which resulted in 60. 19 kg N/hm^2 and 8.0 kg P/hm^2 of non-point source pollution load. （4）It could notably increase the economic benefits, and the land utilization efficiency increased by 44%.

关 键 词：三峡库区 梨 早稻 经济效应 生态效应 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X171.4