青少年吸烟与其人格特征的关系  

Relationship of teenager smoking and the personality

作　　者：亢莉[1] 孙果 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院医学心理学教研室,广东省湛江市524023 [2]陕西省教育学院教育系,陕西省西安市710061

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第28期99-101,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:了解中学生吸烟状况,探讨青少年吸烟与其人格的关系。方法:于2004-01以西安市4所普通中学为目标,采取分层随机取样的方法随机抽取179名初中生和338名高中生作为被试。在取得学校领导、老师和学生同意的前提下,利用学校安排的自习课时间,以班为单位进行施测。采用北京师范大学方晓仪教授提供的中学生吸烟问卷进行中学生吸烟情况调查。问卷内容包括性别、年龄、年级、过去1个月吸烟的支数等,根据答案将被试分为“不吸烟组”(从来没有),“偶尔吸烟组”(1～9支),和“经常吸烟组”(10支以上)。同时采用英国伦敦大学心理系和精神病研究所有关个性测定的艾森克人格量表进行中学生基本人格的测定。艾森克人格量表包括病理人格、内外向、情绪稳定性、效度4个分量表。分别对不同年级和不同性别吸烟群体的人格特征进行分析,采用逻辑回归了解哪种人格特征对中学生的吸烟行为有预测作用。利用卡方检验、方差分析、简单回归及多元逐步回归方法对结果进行分析。结果:共发放问卷517份,得到合格问卷514份,回收率99.4%。其中男303人,占总人数的58.9%;女211人,占总人数的41.1%。①中学生吸烟行为在性别和年级上的分布状况:总体上,有34.0%的被试吸烟。高中吸烟人数比率显著高于初中学生,差异有显著性(χ2=16.895,P<0.01)。男生吸烟人数比率显著高于女生(χ2=93.069,P<0.001)。②人格特征分析:在精神质维度,3组中学生差异有显著性(F=27.94),经常吸烟组得分显著高于偶尔吸烟组和不吸烟组,偶尔吸烟组精神质得分显著高于不吸烟组。男女生各组差异与总体情况基本一致。在神经质维度,3组男生差异显著(F=11.75),多重比较结果表明:经常吸烟组男生神经质的得分显著高于偶尔吸烟组和不吸烟组,而偶尔吸烟组和不吸烟组之间在此维度无显著差异;不同组别�AIM： To understand the condition of student smoking from middle school and explore the relationship between teenager smoking and the personality. METHODS： 179 middle school students and 338 high school students were selected by random sampling method during January 2004 from Xi ＇an four common middle school to test. The examination was conducted after the agreement of the school heads, teachers and students, at the time of self-study class arranged by school, taking class as a unit. The middle school student smoking condition was investigated by the middle school student-smoking questionnaire provided by the professor Fang Xiao-yi from Beijing Normal University. The content of the questionnaire included sex, age, grade, the number of smoking in the past one month etc. According to the answer, testees were assigned into “non-smoking group” （never）, “occasionally smoking group”（1-9）, and “usually smoking group” （more than 10）. Meanwhile, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire on the personality assessment of Department of Psychology and Institute of Mental Illness, University College London, was performed to detect the basic personality assessment. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire included pathology personality, introversion and extroversion, emotion stability, and validity, 4 sub-scales. The personality characteristics of the smoking people were analyzed in the different grades and different sex. Using logistic regression to understand which kinds of personality characteristics had prediction effects on the smoking behavior of middle school students. The results were analyzed by chi-square test, analysis of variance, simple regression analyses and multiple stepwise regression. RESULTS： 517 questionnaires were sent, and 514 standard questionnaires were gained with 99.4% retrieving rate. Among them, males were 303, 58.9% of the total number; females were 211, 41.1% of the total number. ① The distribution condition of the smoking behavior at sex and grade： In general, 34.0% was

关 键 词：吸烟行为 人格 青少年 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]