精密角接触球轴承的固体润滑失效分析  

A Primary Analysis on the Failure of the Solid Lubrication of a Precision AngleContact Ball Bearing

作　　者：于德洋[1] 汪晓萍[1] 吴玉山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所固体润滑开放研究实验室,北京控制工程研究所

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》1995年第4期310-317,共8页Tribology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：角接触球轴承是航天器的许多重要功能的实施部件，因而对其润滑性能的要求极为严格，迫切需要弄清其润滑失效机理．因此，对ＭｏＳ２溅射膜润滑的Ｃ６２０５球轴承进行了寿命试验，进而对经过丙酮超声清洗的各元件工作面的形貌和组成作了系统分析，结论认为，这种轴承固体润滑失效的机理很可能是：钢球循环滚动使ＭｏＳ２溅射膜产生表面疲劳磨损，伴随发生的滑动产生片状磨粒磨损，保持器中的玻璃纤维拉伤钢球表面和产生钢磨屑也加剧了ＭｏＳ２膜的磨损；当ＭＯｓ２膜减薄到一定程度时，先后逐渐出现泡状隆起、疲劳裂纹萌生与扩展及微区剥落，致使摩擦力矩逐渐增大；ＭｏＳ２膜耗尽后底材点蚀加剧，润滑失效，此时的摩擦力矩迅速增大并产生明显的振动和噪声．Many important functions of spacecraft achieve relying on precise angle-contactball bearings,so their properties must accord with the strict demands and it is in urgent needto know the failure mechanism of the lubrication,Lubrication performances of sputtered solidMoS2 film-lubricated ball bearing pairs of type C6205 were evaluated using life test,and thenthe topography and compositions of the working surfaces were systematicly examined bySEM,EDAX and AES. The mechanism of the solid lubrication failures is considered as fol-lows:repeated rolling of balls on sputtered MoS2 films in the inner and outer races leads tosurface fatigue wear, with which accompanying obvious sliding is enabled to induce the abra-sive wear, meanwhile the ball surfaces are scratched by glass fiber in the cage and metallicwear particles are produced and so those results aggravate abrasive wear of the thin solid MOS2film;when the MoS2 film was thinned to a certain degree,followed by bubbles and fatiguemicrocrack occurred and developed,pilling-up appeared in micro-areas and so the frictiontorque enlarges gradually;as the MoS2 film is exhausted and the substrate is increasingly pitted,an oscillation occurs and a noise is heard when the friction torque enlarges to some extent.

关 键 词：轴承 润滑失效分析 固体润滑 球轴承 

分 类 号：TH133.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]