郧县人类头骨化石与周口店直立人头骨的形态比较  

FOSSIL HUMAN CRANIA FROM YUNXIAN:MORPHOLOGICAL COMPARISON WITH HOMO ERECTUS CRANIA FROM ZHOUKOUDIAN

作　　者：张银运[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所

出　　处：《人类学学报》1995年第1期1-7,共7页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

摘　　要：对郧县人类头骨化石与周口店直立人头骨作了形态上的比较以检验直立人特征在郧县头骨化石上的表现情况．比较项目包括眶上圆枕、枕骨圆枕、枕平面与项平面之间的转折情况、眶后收缩、颅骨最大宽位置、颅盖低平情况、前额后倾情况和颅容量．结果表明，在郧县人类头骨化石的这些特征项目中，有的因头骨破损和变形而难以肯定．其余的则应是早期智人的特征．从形态上讲，郧县人类头骨化石目前还难肯定是属于直立人，而有可能属于智人，如果认为“直立人”和“智人”是两个不同的物种的话．Two fossil hominid crania from Yunxian were found in 1989 and 1990 respectively,and were attributed to Homo erectus by Li Tianyuan and D.A.Etler(1992) and Li et al(1994).In this paper,the'Homo erectus features'of these two crania are examined in a comparison of the crania with those from Zhoukoudian.The features examined include supraorbital tori, occipital torns,lambda-opisthion angle,postorbital constriction,skull breadth conditions,lowness of skull,frontal flatness and receding, and cramal capacity.Results show that some features are doubtful owing to damage and distortion of these two crania,and others arc of early Homo sapiens instead.Morphologically,the crania from Yunxian arc likely of Homo sapiens ifereclus and sapiens are considered as different species.

关 键 词：直立人 早期智人 郧县 头骨 化石 

分 类 号：Q981.4[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]