改性措施对复合污染土壤重金属行为影响的研究  

Effect of modification treatments on behaviour of heavy metals in combined polluted soil

作　　者：王新[1] 吴燕玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所陆地生态系统痕量物质生态过程开放实验室

出　　处：《应用生态学报》1995年第4期440-444,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院台站网络资助;中国科学院陆地生态系统痕量物质生态过程开放实验室基金

摘　　要：采用田间实验的方法，研究了在复合污染土壤上石灰＋Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ肥处理对重金属迁移、积累的影响及重金属的作物效应．结果表明，在污染土壤上采用石灰＋Ｃａ、Ｍｇ、Ｐ肥处理可减少重金属向作物籽实的迁移和积累，特别是Ｃｄ、Ｐｈ、Ａｓ３元素；改性以后，水稻、小麦Ｃｄ吸收量比改性前降低了３１．５—５５％．４种作物对Ｐｈ的吸收量降低了２３．４－５７．８％，Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ吸收量略有降低．水稻Ａｓ吸收量增加了５６．８％，小麦、大豆Ａｓ吸收量减少６１．８－８１．１％．重金属在土壤中存在的形态发生了变化，Ｃｄ、Ｐｈ、Ｚｎ交换态百分含量不同程度地有所减少，而碳酸盐结合态有所增加，可被植物吸收利用的有效含量降低．The effect of Ca,Mg and P fertilization on the migration and accumulation of heavy metals in combined polluted soil and the response of crops to heavy metals are studied with field tests. The results show that on polluted soil, fertilization with Ca, Mg and P can restrain the migration and accumulation of heavy metals, especially Cd, Ph and As to and in crop grains. After fertilization, the adsorption amount of Cd by rice and wheat is decreased by 31. 5-55 %. The amount of absorbed Ph in four crops is decreased by 23. 4-57. 8%, and that of Cu and Zn is slightly decreased. The absorbed As in rice is increased by 56. 8%, and that in wheat and soybean is decreased by 61. 8-81.1%. The existed forms of heavy metals in soils are changed, i. e., the percentage of exchangeable Cd, Ph and Zn is decreased, that of their carbonates is increased, and their available contents are declined.

关 键 词：复合污染 重金属元素 土壤-植物系统 改性处理 

分 类 号：Q154.4[生物学—普通生物学] X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]