社区人群精神应激的应付方式及其影响因素  

A study on coping patterns and associated factors of psychic stress in general population

作　　者：李凌江[1] 张亚林[1] 郝伟[1] 杨德森[1] 刘解宁 陈美科 王锡华 殷乐安 黄俊[1] 张斌 

机构地区：[1]湖南医科大学精神卫生研究所,湖南宁乡县精神病院,湖南郴州地区精神病院,湖南岳阳市康复医院,湖南株洲市三医院,湖南省精神病监护所,湖南衡阳市第一精神病院

出　　处：《中国行为医学科学》1995年第3期133-136,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science

摘　　要：通过对湖南省城乡社区４８００户家庭，８５５０名受试抽样调查表明，社区人群面临精神应激时常用的应付方式依次为＂倾诉＂、＂压抑或否认＂、＂超脱＂、＂升华＂、＂消遣＂、＂发泄＂、＂物质滥用＂、＂自我惩罚＂。因子分析可将其归为三个因子，即言语表达性应付方式、正性行为应付方式、负性行为应付方式。进一步分析表明，应付方式不但与自觉应付效果的好坏有关，而且与个体的应付资源、应激源类型均有关系。提示因人而异调整应付方式，是提高心理治疗效果的重要手段。urban and rural area residents from 6 major geographic regions of Hunan Province were investigated to assess their Emotion-focused (E) coping patterns and associated factors. The results show that according to using frequence, the E coping patterns for stressful encounters are 'pouring out','repression or denial', 'detachment', 'sublimation', 'recreation', ' abreaction', 'substance abuse'and 'self - mutilation or suicide'in general population, which can be grouped into three factors which we called language expression ','positive behavior'and 'negative behavior' coping patterns by means of factor analysis. Meanwhile,it is revealed that specific coping patterns are determined by individual coping resource, personality,coping effectiveness and specific stressful encounters.

关 键 词：精神应激 应付方式 精神疗法 

分 类 号：R749.055[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]