机动车驾驶人交通违法行为相关因素分析  

CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF FACTORS RELATED TO TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS BY AUTOMOBILE DRIVERS

作　　者：罗义学[1] 杜岩[2] 黎美清[2] 肖煌 苏红帆 王灏 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100086 [2]广西壮族自治区职业病防治研究院 [3]南宁市公安局交通警察支队

出　　处：《广西医科大学学报》2010年第6期956-961,共6页Journal of Guangxi Medical University

基　　金：广西科技厅资助项目(No.0799001-36)

摘　　要：目的:探讨影响机动车驾驶人交通安全行为的相关因素。方法:采用随机整群抽样方法,通过专门设计的问卷调查收集驾驶人的生理、心理、行为等相关情况。根据《公安部令第71号》规定,对6707名驾驶人进行视力、色觉、立体视觉、选择反应时等身体条件检查,并将检查结果分组比较。采用SCL-90对3 855名驾驶人进行心理测试。测试结果采用本次团体自我评估方法并参考我国SCL-90常模进行评价。采用非条件Logis-tic回归进行单因素、多因素分析。筛选机动车驾驶人道路交通违法行为的危险因素。结果:色觉、立体视觉、选择反应时正常组与异常组违法驾驶率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。但当双眼视力≤4.6时,驾驶人的违法驾驶率显著高于视力合格组(P<0.05);SCL-90总分及各因子得分与驾驶人的违法驾驶行为次数存在相关关系。尤其是行车里程在5万km以内的驾驶人,各因子得分及总分的均值有多次违法驾驶行为组显著高于无违法驾驶行为组。假设不同道路环境驾驶时,驾驶人采取的不同驾驶行为与心理状况有关。结论:驾驶人心理状况、近视与交通安全违法驾驶行为有关,与不同道路环境时选择的驾驶行为有关。驾驶人的困乏打盹驾驶、长时间驾驶、近视眼、初中以下文化程度与道路交通违法行为密切相关。Objective:The objective of the study is to investigate the factors that may affect safe driving of automobile drivers.Methods:A total of 6707 drivers were randonly selected to answer a specifically designed inquiry on physiological,mental,and behavioral conditions,these individuals were also screened for their vision and choice reaction time,according to the regulations of 'Rule 71 of Public Security Minsitry'.A total of 3 855 individuals were tested against SCL-90 model and results analyzed accordingly.Un-conditional logistic correlation analysis was applied to screen the factors related to traffic violations.Results:There was no difference between groups with and without violations in their vision and choice reaction time.However,when the eye-sight is below 4.6,the incidence of traffic violation significantly increased(P<0.05).SCL-90 total score and individaul factor scores correlated with incidences of traffic violations.Particularly,in the group with less than 50 000 kilometer driving experience,violation is significantly higher.Assuming that each diver’s behavior is related to their mental conditions.Conclusion:Analyses indicate that violations are related to drivers’ mental and physical conditions,and the behavior of the drivers under specific driving conditions.Fatigue,long-time driving,near-sighted vision,and lack of education are all related to traffic violations.

关 键 词：驾驶人 违法行为 相关因素分析 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]