侧脑室内注射海仁酸建立慢性大鼠颞叶癫痫模型  

Establishing rat model of chronic temporal lobe epilepsy with the injection of kainic acid into lateral ventricle

作　　者：李国强[1] 周政[1] 刘仕勇[1] 杨梅华[1] 安宁[1] 杨辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第三军医大学新桥医院神经外科,重庆市400037

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第25期117-119,i0004,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:观察侧脑室内注射海仁酸建立慢性颞叶癫痫大鼠模型的稳定性。方法:实验于2004-03/2005-05在解放军第三军医大学附属新桥医院中心实验室完成。选择清洁级SD大鼠40只,雌雄各半。按性别对等比例分为2组,模型组和对照组各20只。模型组大鼠制作慢性颞叶癫痫动物模型,应用立体定向技术,前囟点后1mm、矢状线旁2mm(向左或向右)为进针位置,以3μL/min的速度向该侧侧脑室内注射1g/L的海仁酸溶液15～20μL,约5min,置留5min。对照组大鼠侧脑室内注入等量生理盐水。观察动物模型的行为学变化,按Ⅴ级癫痫行为标准分级:Ⅰ级:面部肌肉痉挛表现为咀嚼运动;Ⅱ级:颈部肌肉痉挛表现为点头运动;Ⅲ级:一侧前肢阵挛;Ⅳ级:站立伴双前肢阵挛;Ⅴ级:在Ⅳ级的基础上身体向后倒下。根据大癫痫症状表现分为3期:急性期(手术后1～2d)、潜伏期(急性期后10d～3个月)、慢性期(3个月以后)。动态监测动物模型脑电图的变化,并通过光镜和电镜观察不同时期脑海马结构的组织学改变。结果:手术中两组各死亡1只,解剖后发现都是死于颅内出血,模型组1只大鼠死于癫痫持续状态,进入结果分析模型组和对照组分别为18和19只。①行为学观察结果:模型组大鼠在急性发作期出现Ⅳ级以上的癫痫行为,慢性期出现Ⅰ～Ⅲ级的癫痫行为。②脑电图监测结果:模型组大鼠脑电图记录到明显的癫痫样波,急性期表现为丛集性波,慢性期表现为散在发作的棘波,与急性期显著不同的是此期不只进针侧颞叶存在癫痫灶,而是两侧同时同等的存在。③脑海马区组织结构的改变:光镜下可见大量凋亡和固缩的神经元,电镜下发现暗细胞增多及细胞器的水肿样改变。④模型组和对照组大鼠的病死率相近犤2只,1只,(P>0.05)犦。结论:大鼠侧脑室内注射海仁酸后,很快引起对侧海马部位的放电,这与人类癫痫中的镜像病灶AIM： To observe the stability of the injection of kainic acid into lateral ventricle to build chronic temporal lobe epilepsy rat model. METHODS： The experiment was done in the Center Laboratory of Xinqiao Affiliated Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from March 2004 to May 2005. Forty clean grade SD rats were selected with male and female half and half and divided into 2 groups according to the proportion of sex equity, model group and control group with 20 rats in each group. The rats in model group were made into the chronic temporal lobe epilepsy animal model with stereo-orientation technique. The needle was conducted in 1 mm back of brgma, 2 mm beside arrow-like thread. 1 g/L kainic acid solutions 15-20 μL were injected into lateral ventricle at the same side at the speed of 3 μL per minute for 5 minutes. The same quantity of saline was injected into the lateral ventricle in rats in control group. The change of praxiology of animal models was observed, and classified according to V grade epilepsy behavior： I grade： Face spasm of muscle expressed masticatory movement; Ⅱ grade： Muscle of neck spasm expressed nodding movement; Ⅲ grade： Forelimb clonus at one side; Ⅳ grade： Standing with double forelimb clonus; Ⅴ grade： Body fell toward back based on the Ⅳ grade. The expression was assigned into 3 phases according to big epilepsy symptom： acute phase （1-2 days post-operation）, incubation period （10 days -3 months after acute phase） and chronic phase （3 months later）. The change of electro encephalogram （EEG） of animal model was detected dynamically. The change of histology of cerebral hippocampal formation during different period was observed with light microscope and electron microscope. RESULTS： One rat died in the two groups, respectively in the operation. They were died from intracranial hemorrhage after dissection we found. One rat in model group died of epilepsy continuous state. Eighteen and nineteen rats in model group and control gro

关 键 词：癫痫 疾病模型 动物 红藻氨酸 

分 类 号：R742[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]