几种植物提取物对梨果仙人掌斑点病菌的抑制活性  

Inhibitory activities of some plant components on Erwinia carotovora subsp.carotovora,the bacterial spot pathogen of Opuntia ficus-indica

作　　者：李端[1] 周立刚[1] 谈满良[1] 柯林[1] 唐静[1] 汪冶[2] 王敬国[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院,北京100094 [2]贵州省中国科学院天然产物化学重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [3]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第B08期148-152,共5页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划项目(2004BA521B04)

摘　　要：采用苦豆子地上部分、多枝柽柳地上部分和蓝桉果实提取物对梨果仙人掌斑点病菌进行了室内抑制活性测定。结果表明,苦豆子乙醇粗提物和氯仿部分对梨果仙人掌斑点病原细菌生长具有明显的抑制作用,推测苦豆子中抗菌活性成分主要为生物碱。多枝柽柳各提取物除石油醚部分外,均表现出不同程度的抑制作用,正丁醇部分抑制作用最强,其次是乙酸乙酯部分,水部分的抑制作用最弱。蓝桉果实各极性部分对梨果仙人掌斑点病菌均表现出不同程度的抑制作用。从蓝桉果实乙酸乙酸部分中分离的6个纯化合物中,β-谷甾醇对仙人掌斑点病菌的最低抑制浓度(MIC)为0.2 mg/mL,桦木酮酸、白桦脂酸和熊果酸的MIC均为0.6 mg/mL,其他两个化合物蓝桉醇和β-桉叶油醇未检测到MIC。The extracts,fractions and pure compounds from Sophora alopecuroides aerial parts,Tamarix ramosissima aerial parts and Eucalyptus globules fruits were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activities against Erwinia carotovora subsp, carotovora,the bacterial spot pathogen of Opuntia ficus-indica. Both ethanol extract and chloroform fraction of S. alopecuroides had their obvious inhibitory effects on the bacteria growth that indicated that antibacterial compounds in S. alopecuroides should be alkaloids. The extract and fractions except petroleum ether fraction of T. ramosissima had their inhibitory effects on the bacteria. Of them ,n-butanol fraction had the strongest inhibitory effect ,the next was ethyl acetate fraction ,and water fraction had the weak inhibitory effect. All extract and fractions of E. globules had their similar inhibitory effects. Six compounds were separated from ethyl acetate fraction of E. globules fruits. Of them,β-sitosterol had the strongest inhibition on the bacteria that the minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） was 0. 2 mg/mL. All three compounds betulonic acid,betulinic acid and ursolic acid had their similar inhibitory effects on the bacteria that their MIC values were the same as 0. 6 mg/mL. Two compounds globulol and β- eudesmol were not screened for their MIC values with the tested concentration.

关 键 词：仙人掌斑点病菌 苦豆子 蓝桉 多枝柽柳 抑制活性 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]