RVA谱在稻米蒸煮食用品质评价及遗传育种方面的研究进展  

Progresses in the Study on the Assessing, Genetic and Breeding of the Rice Starch RVA Profile in Rice Eating Quality

作　　者：朱满山[1] 汤述翥[2] 顾铭洪[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所,广州510640 [2]扬州大学农学院农学系,扬州225009

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2005年第8期59-64,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家948项目"引进优质资源和技术改良长江中下游直穗型粳稻品质研究"(991021);江苏省十五科技攻关项目"优质高产多抗粳稻新品种选育"(BE2001301-2)

摘　　要：在稻米的品质改良中,利用粘度速测仪测定稻米淀粉粘度特性作为估计稻米食用品质一个很重要指标。这种测定具有测定简单快速和用量小的特点。美、日等发达国家已经广泛水稻品质育种中应用。中国在近些年开始应用。对稻米淀粉RVA谱在稻米蒸煮食用品质评价,稻米淀粉RVA谱遗传及在育种上应用的研究进展进行了总结并提出了一些可能研究利用方向。RVA谱能较好地区分AAC相似的品种的食味。RVA与稻米食味、米饭质地以及其它与米饭食味相关的理化指标均密切相关,已经在杂交育种和诱变育种等育种上应用。RVA谱主要受单基因(Waxy)加性效应控制,可在F4代及其以后种子进行选择。不同地点环境对RVA谱影响很大。In rice quality improvement, starch pasting viscosity tested by Rapid Visco Analyser（RVA） servers as important index in estimating the eating quality of rice. The measure can be accomplished during a shorting time and only a small amount of sample is required. Its utility in rice program has received more attention in developed countries such as America and Japan. In China characterization of RVA profile just began in recent years. The assessing, genetic and breeding of the RVA profile characters in rice eating quality were summarized. RVA profile characters were proved to be useful to distinguish the eating quality among rice varieties with similar apparent amylose content （AAC）. All study results suggested that RVA profiles could be used as eating selection in rice b crossing and mutant that RVA had been established as tightly related to eating quality of rice, the texture of cooked rice and the other physical/chemical index which related to eating quality. The RVA parameter are mainly controlled by a single locus with additive effects and have a higher habitability, so it can be tested by RVA at all stages from F4 grains onwards to estimate cooking quality and class. Different place and environment have a great effect on RVA profile. The probable studies in future were pointed out.

关 键 词：稻米淀粉RVA谱 遗传特性 育种方法 食味 米饭质地 理化指标 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]