广东南澳岛恶性肿瘤发病及居民饮食习惯的现况调查  

Epidemiological Investigating of the Morbidity Rate of Malignant Tumors and Their Diet Habitats among Residents of Nanao Island in South China Sea

作　　者：苏敏[1] 刘敏[1] 田东萍[1] 李晓昀[1] 杨合麟 黄海花[1] 阎慧芳[3] 邹昌淇[3] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院肿瘤病理研究室,广东汕头515031 [2]南澳县卫生局,广东汕头515900 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2005年第4期312-316,共5页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作重点项目(编号:30210103904)广东省十五攻关项目(编号:A1080203)汕头大学发展基金与李嘉诚基金会资助

摘　　要：[目的]分析广东省潮汕地区南澳岛1995-2003年恶性肿瘤发病状况及其变化趋势和居民饮食习惯特点。[方法]根据南澳岛肿瘤发病登记系统的资料,收集核实数据,建立数据库,计算肿瘤粗发病率、标化发病率,并分析肿瘤性别分布。用SPSS 10.0作统计处理,应用x2检验作时间趋势分析。另外,通过问卷调查,了解南澳岛土著居民(678名) 和梅州客家人群(435名)的饮食和生活习惯,并且委托中国疾病控制中心检测了两地人群毛发样本(随机抽取南澳岛居民93名,梅州客家对照人群25名)22种微量元素含量(ICP法)。[结果]1995-2003年,南澳岛恶性肿瘤发病1 286例, 其中男性874例,女性412例,年平均粗发病率为203.11/10万。主要恶性肿瘤粗发病率顺序为(1/10万):食管癌(71.07), 贲门癌(34.59),肝癌(26.38),肺癌(24.95),胃癌(16.90),鼻咽癌(4.74),乳腺癌(3.79),大肠癌(2.68),膀胱癌(2.05), 胰腺癌(1.74)。在此9年间,恶性肿瘤发病率表现出上升趋势,其中以肝癌、肺癌、鼻咽癌、乳腺癌、大肠癌发病率上升比较显著;食管癌、贲门癌发病率仍处于高发状态,食管癌发病450人,贲门癌219人,两者合计占恶性肿瘤发病总人数的52.02%,居首位。南澳人群中平均每月烟、酒消耗量均大干梅州客家人群,同时毛发中铜(Cu)、镁(Mg)、钠(Na)、锌(Zn)、钾(K)、铅(Ph)、锶(Sr)、钴(Co)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、汞(Hg)等微量元素含量也明显高于梅州客家人群。[结论] 1995-2003年南澳岛恶性肿瘤仍呈高发状态,表明在南澳岛可能存在较稳定的致癌因素,生活及环境因素可能对肿瘤发病有一定影响。[Objective] To investigate and analyze the morbidity rate of malignant tumors and their habitats among residents of Nanao island in Guangdong during 1995-2003. [ Methods ] The incidence data of cancer come from Nanao Cancer Registry System. After checking, the data were computerized, coded and analyzed using the softwareSPSS10.0. Such indices as its number of incident cases, crude incident rate, age-adjusted incidence rate, age and sex distribution were calculated and analyzed. Additionally, about 678 residents at high risk population in Nanao island and 435 residents of Meizhou Hakka controls were investigated into diet and living habits by calling at residents＇ door and face-to-face questionnaire method. And 22 trace elements in 118 samples of hair from Nanao high risk population（ 93 samples ） and Meizhou Hakka controls（ 25 samples ） were measured using ICP method and the results were processed statistically.[ Results ]There were 1286 new cancer cases in Nanao during 1995-2003, male 874 , female 412 respectively. The annual average crude incidence rate of malignant tumors was found to be 203.11 /10^5 and the results of analysis showed that ten leading cancers were esophageal cancer（ 71.07/10^5 ）, cardiac cancer（ 34.59/10^5 ）, liver cancer （ 26.38/10^5 ）, lung cancer （ 24.95/10^5 ）, stomach cancer （ 16.9/10^5 ）, nasopharyngeal cancer （ 4.74/10^5 ）, breast cancer （ 3.79/10^5 ）, large intestine cancer（ 2.68/10^5 ）, cystic cancer（ 2.05/10^5 ） , pancreatic cancer（ 1.74/10^5 ）.The proportion of these ten types of cancers in the total number of cancers was 93%. Recently, there were obviously increasing trends for cancer incidence rates during the observed period in Nanao, especially liver cancer, lung cancer , nasopharyngeal cancer, breast cancer, large intestine cancer were increased more sharply. The mean consumption quantity of smoking and drinking in Nanao is much more than Hakka, but it is the same for tea, vegetable and fruit, the mean quantity of pickle is less

关 键 词：微量元素 恶性肿瘤 食管癌 发病率 

分 类 号：R73-31[医药卫生—肿瘤]