中国部分地区计划免疫工作经费投入分析  

Study on Financing of Expanded Program on Immunization in Some Regions of China

作　　者：余文周[1] 金水高[2] 崔钢[3] 于竞进[3] 王骏[2] 陶庄[2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心,合肥230061 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测与信息服务中心,北京100050 [3]卫生部疾病控制司,北京100044

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2005年第4期292-297,共6页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：世界卫生组织;联合国儿童基金会资助支持项目

摘　　要：目的为了解目前计划免疫工作实际费用和筹资状况,争取各级政府对计划免疫工作经费的投入。方法2004年在山东、湖南、甘肃省开展2003年计划免疫工作经费投入现况调查,共调查了3个省、18个市(地区、州)、71个县(区、市)疾病预防控制中心以及177个乡(镇)卫生院和476个村。结果山东、湖南、甘肃省每名儿童计划免疫实际投入分别为277.63元、194.37元、258.09元,三省平均投入为每名儿童244.37元;三省平均各级政府投入每名儿童合计为80.49元,占总投入的32.94%,省级政府投入占86.25%,市、县级降至<50%,乡级占21.90%;计划免疫工作三省平均有64.44%投入来自创收,计划免疫工作收入占总投入27.98%,乡、村级来自创收比例分别为77.26%、67.89%;总投入中有2.62%来自国际组织。结论目前计划免疫经费来源于政府投入、国际组织支持和创收,但是政府投入不是主渠道,基层计划免疫工作依靠创收。为更好贯彻实施有关法律、法规,各级政府要加大投入,保证计划免疫工作经费,中央、省级要加大对贫困地区支持力度,妥善解决基层预防接种工作经费。Objective To investigate the actual financing of EPI work and the input of governments at all levels in different regions and provide economic basis for the gvernments＇ further support of EPI work, the study on Financing of Expanded Program on Immunization （EPI） of 2003 was conducted in Shandong,Hunan,and Gansu. Method This research covers 476 administrative villages, 177 township hospitals,71 county CDCs, 18 prefecture CDCs and 3 provincial CDCs. Results The EPI financings per child in Shandong, Hunan, and Gansu are 277.63 Yuan, 194.37 Yuan and 258.09 Yuan, respectively. The average financing of three provinces is 244.37 Yuan per child. The total government input at all levels is 80.50 Yuan per child on average in three provinces, which accounts for 32.94 % of total financing. The government financing is main source of the total EPI financing at provincial levels and the proportions from the government of three provinces can reach over 86.25 %. But from the prefecture level to village level the government financing is on the decline. At county and village levels, the proportion is less than 50% and at township level only about 20% .The average revenue of three provinces takes up 64.44% and the revenue from EPI work accounts for 30 % of total financing. The financings from revenue at township and village level take up 77.26 % and 67.89 % respectively. The international support occupies 2.62% of total financing. Financing in EPI Work depends on government input,international support and revenue. But government financing is not the main source. EPI work implementation at grassroots relies on revenues . Conclusion The governments at all levelsshould increase input for EPI work in order to implement the revised Laws of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention and the enactment of Ordinance on the Management of Vaccine and Immunization. Central and provincial governmentsshould provide further support for EPI work in poor areas and ensure financing for immunization service providers instead of user fee.

关 键 词：计划免疫 经费 投入 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]