磁悬浮车辆中人员紧急疏散的仿真研究  

Simulation of Passenger Evacuation under Emergency in Maglev Train

作　　者：李伏京[1] 方卫宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院,北京市西外上园村100044

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2005年第8期17-20,共4页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(50308002)。

摘　　要：为了对研制的八达岭低速磁浮试验列车人员疏散安全性进行评估,考虑从磁浮车辆的空间布局和人员紧急疏散的特点,在现有的元胞自动机模型和行人流模型基础上,通过人员动态调整自身速度、动态修正人员行为等技术,建立了一种基于车辆环境约束以及人员行为特性的元胞自动机模型。该模型具有人员速度可变、能以自组织现象修正人员行为的特点,经过比较验证,模型的仿真过程更加接近真实情况,仿真结果与一般经验公式得到结果相吻合。以我国正在研制的八达岭低速磁浮试验列车为仿真对象,对车辆布局对其人员的安全疏散的影响进行了计算机仿真和分析,找出了影响人员疏散效率和时间的关键因素,为设计改进提供了依据。In order to evaluate the preparedness of evacuation safety of Badaling low speed maglev train, the features of space layout passenger emergency evacuation in maglev train are analyzed. Based on current cellular automata models and passenger flow models, by technology of dynamic passenger speed self-adjustment and dynamic modified human behavior, a cellular automata model based on the restriction of vehicle enviroment and htrnan behavior features is built. In this model the speed of passengers is variable based on passenger density and using self-organized phenomena of modified passenger behavior. By validation, the simulated process is more close to realistic and the result obtained is in compliance with that of empirical formula. Taking the developing Badaling low speed experiment maglev train as the simulating object, the impact of train layout on safe evacuation is computeraided simulated and analyzed, the factors influencing evacuation efficiency and time are found providing criteria for design improvement.

关 键 词：安全疏散 磁浮列车 元胞自动机 磁悬浮车辆 紧急疏散 仿真研究 元胞自动机模型 人员疏散 试验列车 空间布局 

分 类 号：U237[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TU998.1[建筑科学—市政工程]