认识教育对梅州城区4所医院227例糖尿病患者生活质量的干预效应  

Interventional effect of cognitive education on the quality of life in 227 patients with diabetes mellitus from 4 hospitals in Meizhou city

作　　者：周英华[1] 林翠兰[1] 周铭[2] 陈维[2] 

机构地区：[1]梅州市嘉应学院医学院护理系,广东省梅州市514031 [2]梅州市嘉应学院医学院临床系,广东省梅州市514031

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第24期40-41,共2页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:探讨提高梅州城区糖尿病患者生活质量的有效认知教育方式。方法:①选择2000-06/2001-12梅州市梅州城区4间医院就诊并已出院的糖尿病患者227例,男122例,女105例。患者均愿意合作。将227例糖尿病患者随机分为教育组114例(男60例,女54例)和对照组113例(男62例,女51例)。②对照组仅施行常规药物治疗。教育组在常规药物治疗的基础上进行系统的认知教育。认知教育干预形式有集体授课、家庭随访、创建病友会、设立糖尿病热线咨询。评估干预前后患者生活质量采用生活质量特异性量表(包括糖尿病对生理功能的影响、糖尿病对心理/精神的影响、糖尿病对社会关系的影响、治疗对患者的影响4个维度,28个条目,每个条目评分均为1～5分,1分为最好,5分为最差)。对比两组干预前及2年后生活质量。③计量资料差异性测定采用方差分析和t检验。结果:①共发放问卷227份,共回收填规范、完整问卷208份。其中教育组有7例由于各种因素未能坚持到最后,最终收回问卷107份;对照组中有12份问卷不规范而剔除,最终收回问卷101份。②干预前两组的生活质量特异性量表各维度评分差异不明显(P>0.05),经认知教育后教育组生活质量特异性量表4个维度评分明显低于对照组犤(23.32±7.59),(14.91±2.73),(5.08±2.67),(4.91±1.93)分;(28.73±8.74),(20.67±4.11),(6.97±2.93),(6.36±1.92)分,t=4.78～12.00,P<0.01犦。结论:认知教育干预可明显改善糖尿病患者的生理和心理/精神状态,有利于发挥社会关系和治疗对患者的影响,从而提高其治疗效果。AIM： To investigate effective pattern of cognitive education for improving the quality of life in the diabetic patients of Meizhou city. METHODS： ①Between June 2000 and December 2001, 227 eases （122 males and 105 females） of diabetes mellitus after discharge, who were the inpatients of 4 hospitals in the urban areas of Meizhou city, participated in the study voluntarily. The 227 eases were randomly divided into education group （n=114, 60 males and 54 females） and control group （n=113, 62 males and 51 females）. ② All the patients in both group were treated with routine drugs, besides those in the education group received systematic cognitive education by means of team classes, family visit, establishment of diabetic friendship and set up a hotline for the counseling of diabetes mellitus. Before and after intervention, the quality of life in the patients were assessed with quality of life specific scale （including 4 dimensions of the influences of diabetes mellitus on the physiological function, psychological/mental function and social function, and effect of treatment on the patients, consisted of 28 items and 1 to 5 points for each item, 1 was the best and 5 was the worst）. The quality of life between the two groups was Compared before intervention and after 2 years. ③ The differences of the data were determined with the analysis of variance and the t test. RESULTS：①Totally 227 questionnaires were sent out, and 208 completed as required were collected; In the education group, 7 cases did not last to the end for various factors, and finally 107 questionnaires were collected; In the control group, 12 questionnaires were not completed as required and excluded, and finally 101 questionnaires were collected. ② Before intervention, the scores of each dimension in the quality of life specific scale were not obviously different （P 〉 0.05）; After cognitive education, the scores of the 4 dimensions in the quality of life specific scale were obviously lower in the education group than i

关 键 词：卫生教育 糖尿病 生活质量 

分 类 号：R749.05[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]