欠发达地区技术学校学生心理健康状况量表测试  

Scale test for mental health status of students in technical schools in underdeveloped regions

作　　者：田学岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]周口师范学院教育科学系,河南省周口市466001

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第24期73-75,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:采用量表测试法分析欠发达地区技术学校学生的心理健康状况。方法:于2004-09/12采用随机抽样的方式选取周口经贸技工学校、周口市技工学校和周口交通技工学校中2003、2004级的学生300人作为调查对象。采用症状自评量表以性别、年级为变量评估不同类别技术学校学生的心理健康状况,并与全国常模比较。组间比较采用方差检验。症状自评量表由90个题目组成,概括为躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执和精神病性9个因子。按1～5级评定,其中1无症状,2轻度,3中度,4偏重,5严重。症状自评量表参照全国成人常模标准:因子分<1.8分为正常;1.8～2.0分为轻度异常;2.1～3.0分为中度异常;>3.0分为重度异常。采用统一印制的量表,使用统一的指导用语,以自愿为前提在自习教室进行测试,不记名,量表当场收回。结果:发放量表300份,回收合格问卷262份,有效率87.3%。①整体情况:欠发达地区技术学校生症状自评量表各因子分与国内常模比较,除躯体化一项低于国内常模,其余各项均值均明显高于国内常模。特别在强迫症状、恐怖的差异更为明显。②性别差异:男学生在躯体化、强迫症状和人际敏感3个因子的评分显著高于女生,在抑郁焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性4个因子的评分及总分亦比女生高。只是恐怖这一因子女生高于男生。③年级差异:一年级技术学校学生在焦虑因子评分及总均分均显著高于二年级学生,在躯体化和敌对2个因子评分也高于二年级学生,差异呈显著性。在强迫症状、人际敏感、恐怖、偏执、精神病性5个因子评分高于二年级学生,但差异不显著。这说明二年级学生的心理健康状况优于一年级学生,结论:技术学校生的心理健康状况普遍较差;女生心理健康状况优于男生;二年级学生心理健康状况优于一年级学生。AIM： To analyze the mental health status of students in technical schools in underdeveloped regions by scale test. METHODS： The method of random sampling was adopted to select 300 subjects from the students in Grade 2003 and 2004 in Zhoukou Economic ＆ Trade Technical School, Zhoukou Technical School and Zhoukou Communications Technical School from September to December 200d.Symptom checklist 90（SCL-90） was used to evaluate the mental health status of students in different kinds of technical schools by using gender and grade as the variables, and then the evaluated resutls were compared with the national norm. Check of variance was used to perform inter-group comparison. SCL-90 consisted of 90 items, summarizing as 9 factors： somatization, obsession, sensitivity of interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostility, fear, crankiness and psychotic diseases. The symptoms were graded from 1 to 5： be symptomless, mild, moderate, mildly severe and severe symptoms in the sequence. The SCL-90 was based on the standard for national adult norm： factor score less than 1.8 points as normality, between 1.8 and 2.0 points as mild abnormity, between 2.1 and 3.0 points as moderate abnormity, and more than 3.0 points as severe abnormity. The students attended to the test voluntarily, and their names were not recorded using the uniformly printed scales in the uniform instructive diction. Then,the scales were reclaimed on the spot. RESULTS： Totally 262 qualified questionnaires were reclaimed from the 300 delivered scales in the reclaim rate of 87.3%. ①General situation： All the factor scores were higher than the national norm, except sematization lower, and especially higher in obsession and fear. ② Difference in gender： The scores of somatization, obsession and sensitivity of interpersonal relationship were significantly higher in the male students than in the female ones, and the total score and scores of anxiety, hostility, crankiness and psychotic diseases were higher in the former than the lat

关 键 词：精神卫生 小地区分析 学生 

分 类 号：R749.91[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]