儿童青少年心理问题是选择家庭治疗还是个体治疗  

Which is better for psychological problem of children and adolescents, family therapy or individual psychotherapy

作　　者：易春丽[1] 崔革[2] 王悦华[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学心理系,北京市100871 [2]鞍山师范学院小学教育系,辽宁省鞍山市114001 [3]鞍山市心理测量研究所,辽宁省鞍山市114001

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第24期130-131,共2页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:分析并阐述针对儿童青少年心理问题如何采用较为适宜的心理治疗方式。方法:个体治疗是通过治疗师和儿童青少年单独的会面来完成心理治疗的过程的,而家庭治疗是通过治疗师与整个家庭会面来达到治疗的目的。本文通过文献的检索以及本文作者的临床经验,从不同的角度分析了如何选择个体治疗或家庭治疗。结果:儿童青少年本身的特点、治疗的特点、父母的参与程度、折衷方式以及治疗师本身这些特点都会影响个体治疗或者是家庭治疗。结论:针对儿童和青少年的心理治疗,选择何种方式是需要综合考虑的。治疗师要能够从多角度来看待问题,灵活选用正确的心理治疗方法有利于儿童青少年问题的解决。即使先选定了某种个体或者家庭的治疗方式,也不是一成不变的。如果需要也可以变换治疗方式,一切是以更有利于儿童和青少年发展出发。AIM： To analyze and expatiate how to choose more suitable psychotherapy to deal with the psychological problem of children and adolescents. METHODS： Individual psychotherapy is the interview between the psychotherapist and child or adolescent, and family therapy is the interview between psychotherapist and the whole family. In the paper, the literatures were searched and the clinical experience of the authors was summarized, and how to choose individual psychotherapy or family therapy was analyzed froth different viewpoints. RESULTS： The choice of individual psychotherapy or family therapy was influenced by different aspects, including the psychological characters of the children and adolescents themselves, the specialty of the different therapeutic methods, the degree of parental participation, eclectic manner, and the ability of the psychotherapists. CONCLUSION： In order to deal with the psychological problems of child and adolescent, different factors should be considered to decide how to choose better treatment methods. The therapist should be able to view the problem from different aspects, and the flexible choice of correct therapeutic method is good for the solution of the problems existing in children and adolescents. Even though some kind of therapy is chosen, which is not meant that it is not changeable, it can be changed if necessary, our main purpose is to promote the development of child and adolescent.

关 键 词：家庭疗法 精神卫生 青少年 儿童青少年 个体治疗 家庭治疗 心理问题 心理治疗方法 治疗方式 治疗师 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R493[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]