地球系统科学与地球信息科学  

EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE AND GEO-INFORMATICS

作　　者：陈述彭[1] 曾杉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理研究所,国家计划委员会地理研究所

出　　处：《地理研究》1996年第2期1-11,共11页Geographical Research

摘　　要：地球系统科学不是脱离社会而存在的一门科学，不是纯自然的科学。研究地球系统科学应该始终如一贯穿“顶天立地”的统一性原则：“顶天”即研究全球变化，“立地”则面向区域持续发展。区域模型和宏观调控信息系统依次作为两个中间层次，有机地将全球变化研究和区域持续发展联系起来，构成地球系统科学体系；时代进步和社会发展要求：地球系统科学研究要运用空间信息技术工具和手段，以服务区域持续发展为最终目标。区域持续发展要依靠宏观调控，宏观调控则依靠信息。地理信息系统作为空间信息技术组成部分，直接参与实现区域持续发展，成为地球系统科学的一个重要支柱。Earth system science should not be accepted as a pure science which cannot survive beyond itssocial context. This paper first provides a systematic view interpreting the architecture of earth system science. which has global change studies and regional sustainable development being its 'start'and 'end' points between which the linkage is established by two other orderly phases: regional modeling and macro-regulating information system. It is suggested that research into global change be strengthened in terms of the differentiation of regional physical environment and social progress.and that macro-regulating information system thereupon be employed to reveal the interaction between the global and regional levels of the earth system. Particular emphasis is then given to regional sustainable development──the objective of earth system science studies.This paper also examines the methodology which is applied to the studies on earth system science, arguing the very importance of utilizing space technologies and spatial information to achieve this objective. Human society has already stepped into the so-called space and information era which offers geo-scientific research advanced technologies such as telecommunication networks, applied saellites and information systems, among which the latter is the one connects regional modeling to regional sustainable development. Clearly, there is no reason not to activate them in such research.From the preceding discussion, the rest part of this paper explicitly demonstrates the relationship between earth system science and geographical information system(GIS): To achieve regional sustainable development. we need macro regulation to coordinate between regions the flow of population, of material. of energy and of information. With the information flow being the dominant factor. GIS directly participates in the implementation of regional sustainable development. thus underpinning earth system science.

关 键 词：地球系统科学 空间信息 地球信息科学 GIS 

分 类 号：P－11[天文地球] P9