参与式教学方法在传染病防治能力建设培训中的应用效果评价  

A primary evaluation of the usefulness and effect of participatory training in capacity building for prevention and control of infectious diseases

作　　者：任学锋[1] 王立秋[2] 王若涛[2] 陈志海[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,北京100011 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100050 [3]北京地坛医院,北京100011

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2005年第9期655-657,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：亚洲开发银行非典与传染病防治项目TA4118-PRC

摘　　要：目的分析与评价以案例教学为主的参与式教学方法在基层卫生人员传染病防治能力建设培训中的应用价值及效果。方法以亚洲开发银行“非典”与传染病防治项目在云南、新疆两省开展试点培训的92名县乡级疾病防治人员为研究对象,以培训后自填式问卷调查及学员小组访谈相结合为调查方法,通过5分制评价学员对不同培训方法的满意程度,通过归纳学员自填式问卷对培训方式的感受及培训收获的要点,以及学员专题小组访谈的资料来评估培训方法及培训效果。结果学员对参与式培训方式的满意度较高,其中对参与式教学与教师专题讲座相结合方式的评价达到4分以上的学员比例达到82.6%,而对单纯教师教授的培训方式满意度较低;开放式问卷调查中有40%以上的学员提及这种教学方法能调动学员的积极参与和发言、能促进相互学习、互动性强,有近1/3的学员提及他们通过培训提高了传染病诊断或处理技能。多数学员认为通过案例分析结合小组讨论、角色扮演、头脑风暴等多种参与式活动增强了他们对突发疫情的早期识别及应对能力。结论以案例教学为主的参与式培训方法适用于基层卫生人员传染病防治能力建设培训,可以有效改善他们的传染病诊断、处理技能,以及突发疫情识别与应对能力,值得推广使用。Objective To assess the effect and usefulness of participatory training programs in capacity building for prevention and control of infectious diseases among public health staff at the grassroots level. Methods 92 health professionals from township hospitals and county CDCs were participants of pilot participatory training programme in Xinjiang and Yunnan initiated by the Asian Development Bank （ADB） for combating SARS and infectious diseases in the Western Region. Posttraining self-fiLled questionnaires and Focused Group Discussions were used for collecting data. The most favorable training methods were evaluated by a 5-levd scoring system, key points were summarized and classified into category of sets for answers from the questionnaires for open questions in order to measure the extent to which the impact reached and proportion of different answers appeared. Results Higher level of favor was detected for all participatory approaches among the participants, 82.6% of attendants gave a 4-score and above to the approach of the combing participatory training with topic lectures, compared with a lower percentage of the approach only with teaching and lecturing. 40% of the participants responded that the henefit of the participatory training was its capability to engage all trainees to he actively involved and speak out, to learn from lessons and each other with strong interaction. The trainees appraised that the case study integrated with many kinds of participatory activities such as group discussions, role play, brainstorming bad strengthened their capacity for rapid epidemic detection and response to public health emergencies, One-third responded in open-ended questions that they bad improved their skills for diagnosing of and dealing with infectious diseases. Conclusion The Case study-based and integrated participatory training is applicable and recoramendable for developing capacity for infectious disease prevention and control at grass-roots levels, especially on improving ability for basic epidimic identi

关 键 词：案例教学 参与式培训 传染病 预防与控制 能力建设 

分 类 号：R51[医药卫生—内科学]