雷达用于地震预测的基础实验研究  

A basic experimental study of earthquake prediction in terms of radar technology

作　　者：钱家栋[1] 邓明德[2] 尹京苑[3] 周平[4] 和雪松[5] 房宗绯[2] 赵保宗[2] 刘晓林[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局地震预测研究所,北京100036 [2]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049 [3]上海市地震局,上海200062 [4]中国航天科工集团二院二○七所,北京100854 [5]中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2005年第5期1103-1109,共7页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：地震科学联合基金项目(201012);国家自然科学基金项目(40041001)资助.

摘　　要：为将雷达技术应用于地震预测,在实验室对花岗岩等不同岩性的27个岩石试样进行了加压实验观测研究,使用的雷达测量仪器是美国HP公司生产的专用RSC测量系统,观测8mm,2cm,3cm和5cm四个雷达波段,在加压的过程中自动连续测量岩石试样的雷达波反射强度随压力的变化,实验表明:反映岩石试样微波反射特性的雷达波反射强度随压力变化而变化,在实验的27个岩石试样中,无一例外,只是在不同试样、不同波段或不同极化方式的实验中存在变化幅度和趋势的差异.岩石试样反射波强度的相对变化量为百分之几到百分之十几,花岗岩的最大变化量达到20.2%(113号试样),砂岩的最大变化量达到27.9%(212号试样).实验结果为将雷达技术应用于地震预测、岩体及岩土工程稳定性监测和稳定性评价提出了实验依据,奠定了物理基础.To apply the radar technology to earthquake prediction, experiments of detecting variations in the reflection radar wave intensity associated with loading on rock samples have been performed on 27 rock samples with different mechanical characters in the laboratory. The radar measuring instrument used was the whole set of special equipment with type-RSC produced by HP Co., USA. Measurements were made on four radar wavebands of 8mm, 2cm, 3cm and 5cm, respectively. The variations in the radar wave reflection intensity of the rock samples with the loading stress are recorded automatically and continuously in the loading process. The experiment shows that there do exist variations in the reflection radar wave intensity which are closely related to the microwave reflection characteristics of the subject in the loading phase and unloading phase for all samples without exceptions, with only differences in the quantity and trends of the variations for different samples or different wave bands and different polarization modes. The relative variations of the reflection radar wave intensity for most rock samples are a few percents to more than ten percents, and the maximum variation of the granite （sample No. 113） even reaches 20.2% and that of the sandstone （sample No.212） reaches 27.9% as the biggest two in the experiments. The experimental results would provide an experimental evidence and physical bases for applying the radar technique to earthquake prediction, and monitoring and assessment of stability in geotechnical engineering.

关 键 词：雷达 地震预测 反射波强度变化 微波反射特性 应力 

分 类 号：P315[天文地球—地震学]