不同月经周期赛艇和短跑运动员性激素水平和运动能力的观察  

Observation on the Level of Sex Hormone and the Athletic Ability of Rowers and Sprinters in Different Phase of Menstrual Cycle

作　　者：郭海英 董晓虹[2] 张景红[3] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省体育科学研究所,杭州310004 [2]浙江大学教育学院 [3]浙江省人民医院

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2005年第5期555-557,共3页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

摘　　要：通过测定浙江省13名女子赛艇运动员和12名女子短跑运动员卵泡期和黄体期的性激素水平、运动成绩及完成定量负荷运动后的血乳酸水平,观察不同项目女运动员不同月经周期激素水平和运动成绩的变化,以探讨不同月经周期与运动能力的关系。研究结果显示:女子赛艇和短跑运动员黄体期的孕酮(P)和睾酮(T)水平显著高于卵泡期(P<0.05);赛艇运动员黄体期促卵泡激素(FSH)水平显著高于卵泡期(P<0.05),而运动员黄体期和卵泡期的雌二醇(E2)和促黄体生成素(LH)水平则无显著性差异。赛艇运动员黄体期500m测功仪成绩显著优于卵泡期(P<0.01),而2000m测功仪成绩两期无显著性差异;短跑运动员黄体期100m、200m成绩均显著优于卵泡期(P<0.05,P<0.01)。定量负荷运动后,赛艇和短跑运动员黄体期的血乳酸水平均显著低于卵泡期(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结果表明,受试运动员黄体期机能状态较好,这可能与不同月经周期中激素水平变化以及在运动状态下各种激素间的协同效应有关。提示对女运动员的生理周期应给予充分重视。In order to observe the relation of menstrual cycle phase to athletic ability, the athletic performance, lactate level and sex hormonal level in female rowers and sprinters in different menstrual cycle phases were examined. The results showed that the serum progestone （P） and testoterone （T） levels were higher in luteal phase than that in follicular phase（ P 〈 0.05）, the FSH level in female rowers was higher in luteal phase than that in follicular phase（ P 〈 0.05）, and the E2 and LH levels in sprinters in both luteal phase and follicular phase changed insignificantly. 500m ergometric performance of rowers in luteal phase was better than that in fouicular phase （ P 〈 0.01 ）, while 2000m performance was not sighificantly different in both luteal phase and fouicular phase; 100m and 200m performances of sprinters were better in luteal phase than that in follicular phase（ P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ）, The levels of lactate in rowers and sprinters were lower in luteal phase than that in follicular phase after the exercise with fixed load （ P 〈 0.05 and P 〈 0.01 ）. The results suggested that female rowers and sprinters had better athletic ability in luteal phase than that in follicular phase, probably caused by changes in sex hormone, and thus attention should be paid to the menstrual cycle of female athletes when participating in competition.

关 键 词：月经周期 赛艇运动员 短跑运动员 性激素 运动能力 

分 类 号：R87[医药卫生—运动医学] R711.51[医药卫生—临床医学]