118例老年人眩晕和平衡障碍的病因及其影响因素分析  

Study on the causes and risk factors on vertigo and balance disorders in 118 elderly patients

作　　者：黄魏宁[1] 徐进[1] 高波[1] 周金梅[1] 刘桂芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]卫生部北京医院耳鼻咽喉科,100730

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2005年第9期720-722,共3页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

摘　　要：目的了解临床中导致老年人眩晕和平衡障碍的病因及其影响因素。方法回顾性分析118例眩晕或平衡障碍老年患者的临床症状和听前庭功能,颅脑、内耳及颈椎部位的X线摄像、CT 或MRI,头颈部血管彩超、TCD或MRA等检查结果。结果在118例眩晕或平衡障碍老年患者中, 周围性眩晕70例,中枢性眩晕29例,诊断不明19例。81%的患者同时合并一种或多种不同的疾病。结论不同的中枢性和周围性的前庭病理改变是老年人眩晕和平衡障碍的主要病因;年龄的老化导致的前庭系统功能衰退、全身性疾病以及环境、心理等因素可能直接或间接地影响老年人眩晕和平衡障碍的患病情况。Objective To understand the various factors causing vertigo and balance disorders in the elderly. Methods 118 elderly patients（aged equal or older than 60 years of age） with vertigo or balance disorders were retrospectively analyzed through clinical symptoms, audio-vestibular function tests, X-ray, CT scan or MR I in cervical vertebras, brain and inner ears,ultrasonography, transcranial doppler（TCD） or magnetic resonance angiography（MRA） in blood vessels on head and neck. Results Of 118 patients, 70 （23 % ） of them suffered peripheral vestibular disorders while 29（58 % ） having cerebral vertigo or dizzness, leaving 19 cases（ 16% ） as unclassified. Conclusion For elderly patients, vertigo and balance disorders were commonly caused by many kinds of peripheral and cerebral vestibular pathological disfunctions while the functional weakness of vestibular organs and systems affected by the physiological process of ageing and different concommitant diseases as well as environmental, psychogenic factors should also be considered.

关 键 词：眩晕 平衡紊乱 老年人 周围性眩晕 平衡障碍 影响因素分析 病因 中枢性眩晕 全身性疾病 老年患者 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]