我国地方鸡种保种群分子遗传多样性的检测  

Analysis on Molecular Genetic Diversity of Preserved Population of Chinese Native Chicken Breeds

作　　者：苏一军[1] 李慧芳[1] 张学余[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院家禽研究所,江苏扬州225003

出　　处：《中国家禽》2005年第18期16-18,20,共4页China Poultry

基　　金：国家科技基础条件平台(2004DKA30450-04);江苏省科技计划(BZ2004047;BK2004050;BZ20053200050)。

摘　　要：对国家家禽品种资源基因库中保存的10个地方鸡品种保种群进行了微卫星标记遗传多样性检测,计算各群体遗传参数,并用类平均法进行聚类分析。研究结果表明:30个微卫星标记在10个地方鸡品种保种群的平均杂合度在0.6189～0.6953之间,其中藏鸡最高,为0.6953;北京油鸡最低,为0.6189;平均多态信息含量均大于0.5,表现为高度多态性;10个鸡品种聚为4类:萧山鸡、茶花鸡、仙居鸡、白耳鸡聚为一类,丝毛乌骨鸡、北京油鸡、大骨鸡、固始鸡聚为一类,狼山鸡和藏鸡分别单独聚为一类。通过对我国地方鸡品种保种群的分子遗传多样性的检测,可以达到监测保种效果的目的。The genetic diversity （mean heterozygosity, mean polymorphic information content （PIC） ,and Nei＇s genetic distances）of preserved population of 10 native chicken breeds was analyzed by 30 microsatellite markers with high polymorphism.The clustering dendrogram was obtained eventually based on Nei＇s genetic distances of 30 microsatellite.The resuits showed the average heterozygosity of 30 microsatellite loci of 10 native chicken breeds was 0.6189-0.6953,the heterozygosity of Tibetan chicken was the highest（0.6953）,and that of Beijing fatty chicken was the lowest（ 0.6189）.All of the PIC of 30 microsatellite loci were higher than 0.5 and highly polymorphic.By the results of UPGMA tree,four groups were formed from 10 chicken breeds,the first group was Xiaoshan,Chahua,Xianju,and Baier chicken;the second group was Silky,Beijing fatty,Dagu,and Gushi chicken;the third group was Langshan chicken;and the fourth group was Tibetan chicken.From the molecular genetic analysis of preserved population of Chinese native chicken breeds,we could predict the effect of preserved breeds.

关 键 词：地方鸡品种 保种群 杂合度 多态信息含量 遗传多样性检测 分子遗传多样性 地方鸡种 种群 微卫星标记 北京油鸡 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学] S763.15[农业科学—园艺学]