虚拟模型的构建策略及其语用功能  

The Strategic Generation of Counterfactual Models and Its Pragmatic Functions

作　　者：龚卫东[1] 蒋勇[2] 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学外国语学院,山东烟台264005 [2]复旦大学中文系,上海200433

出　　处：《外语教学》2005年第6期40-44,共5页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：虚拟思维是人类的一种主要而又特有的认知方式,体现于言语者铸造虚拟模型的活动中。虚拟模型是指认知者运用虚拟思维构建的关于假想世界的结构。言语者在交际中为了满足得体性的要求,常使用虚构手法来摹景状物,表白心迹,歌颂功德,畅怀抒愤,以虚喻实,解悟人生,传递梯级含义,表达特别概念等。构建虚拟模型的技巧是言语者的语用能力的一部分。研究言语者在铸造虚拟模型时所使用的构建策略,探讨某些虚拟模型的语用功能是认知语言学的最新发展趋势之一。Counterfactual thinking is a main and peculiar way of the cognitive operations and can be found in the construction of counterfactual models of the possible worlds, which can be illustrated by those discourses where counterfactual models are employed to convey scalar implicature embodied in description, persuasion, praise, and blame, etc, The skill of creating counterfactual models is one of the parameters of pragmatic competence. It is one of the current tendencies of cognitive linguistics to explore language users＇ strategies in their generation of some counterfactual models and the pragmatic functions of those counterfactual models in discourses.

关 键 词：虚拟模型 复合空间 存在巨链 梯级含义 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]