生态足迹模型在山区生态可持续评价中的初步应用——以1999年北京西部山区为例  

The Application of Ecological Footprint to Evaluate Ecological Sustainability for Mountainous Area——Take Beijing Western Mountainous Area as an Example

作　　者：李红[1] 张凤荣[2] 孙丹峰[2] 周连第[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院农业综合发展研究所,北京100089 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094

出　　处：《山地学报》2005年第5期636-640,共5页Mountain Research

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(4022005);北京市科委重点项目(95541000);北京市财政局重点项目~~

摘　　要：在剖析生态足迹分析法的理论基础上,进一步考虑不同消费水平对生态足迹时空变异的影响,划分农村居民和城镇居民两类不同的消费群体,分别计算各自的生态足迹,其次进一步细化模型中人均水资源足迹,从而构建生态足迹与生态容量平衡模型。根据平衡模型计算出生态盈亏,得出区域生态持续性评价结果。并以1999年北京西部山区门头沟区为例,进行模型计算和生态可持续评价,结果表明1999年门头沟区处于生态赤字状态,说明该区生态系统处于不可持续状态。在对门头沟区的初步研究基础上,指出生态足迹作为山区生态可持续评价指标的优点及当前存在的缺点。Basically Ecological Footprint （EF） is a new method to calculate and evaluate the using degree of humanity on the natural resources, and to quantify the ecological services for humanity by the nature. It represents the areas of land and water required to meet the demand of the goods and services of a defined human population or economy and to provide environmental assimilation capacity for keeping its environmental quality at a given level. In this study, the per capita ecological footprint and biological capacity of Mentougou district at 1999 were calculated on the basis of the theory and model of ecological footprint. According to the calculation model of EF, the population of Mentougou district was classified into two groups： rural residents and urban residents, and their ecological footprint was measured separately. Especially the footprint of the consumption of water and the drainage of sewage were computed for urban resident. On the other hand, the biological production land areas were obtained from the TM remote sensing image of 1999, then the per capita biological capacity was counted on them. Comparing the ecological footprint with biological capacity, Mentougou district was in ecological deficit, which meant it was unsustainable. On the basis of the analysis of different biological land, the reasons for the deficit were pointed, and the suggestions, which strengthened the construction and maintenance of the local environment, were put forward to decrease the ecological deficit. According to the research on Mentougou, the advantages and disadvantages of Ecological Footprint for evaluating ecological sustainability of mountainous county were concluded.

关 键 词：北京西部山区 生态足迹 生态容量 生态赤字 生态可持续评价 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]