微波辐射破乳研究进展  

Advances in demulsification of emulsions under microwave radiation

作　　者：夏立新[1] 刘泉[1] 张路[2] 赵濉[2] 俞稼镛[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学化学科学与工程学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《化学研究与应用》2005年第5期588-591,共4页Chemical Research and Application

基　　金：国家重点基础研究专项资助项目(G1999022505)

摘　　要：综述了微波辐射破乳的有关研究进展.微波辐射是一种有效的破乳手段,与重力沉降、化学、加热等破乳方法相比,能显著地加速稠油体系,含天然表面活性物质、无机盐、固体粒子、三元复合驱剂等乳状液的破乳,提高破乳效果,并且能够提高破乳脱出水的透光率.无机盐与微波辐射两种破乳方式存在加和作用,在极少量的NaCl,MgCl2,CaCl2,KCl存在时,用微波辐射120 ～ 150 s,破乳率可达100 %.微波辐射破乳作为一种很有吸引力的破乳方法已在实验室和油田现场取得成功.This paper is a review of scientific studies on demulsification of emulsions under microwave radiation. Microwave radiation is an effective means of demulsification of emulsions. Comparing with gravity sedimentation, chemical heating demulsification, microwave radiation can increase the demulsification rate and enhance demulsification efficiency for the emulsions containing the dense oil, the naturally occurring surfactants, the inorganic salts, the solid particles, the components of the enhanced oil recovery system. The light transmittances of the water separated from the emulsions under microwave radiation are higher than those under conventional heating. There is an enhanced salt - assisted effect for demulaification under microwave radiation. The demulsification may reach 100 % after the addition of a very small amount of NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2 or KCl in 120 - 150 s under microwave radia- tion. An attractive alternative method of demulsification has been successfully tested in field operation and laboratory tests. This new technology is microwave demulsification of oil and water emulsion.

关 键 词：微波 乳状液 破乳 

分 类 号：O648.2[理学—物理化学]