小流域可持续发展能力的生态足迹法分析——以重庆市万州区五桥河流域为例  

Analysis of catchment capacity of sustainable development with the ecological footprint method:a case study of Wuqiaohe Catchment,Wanzhou District,Chongqing City.

作　　者：肖莉[1] 蒋莉[1] 陈治谏[1] 廖晓勇[1] 李豪[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都山地灾害与环境研究所

出　　处：《农村生态环境》2005年第4期22-27,共6页Rural Eco-Environment

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX2-316);国务院三建委办公室万县生态环境实验站资助项目(SX2001-021)

摘　　要：以三峡库区五桥河流域为例,将生态足迹理论与方法运用于小流域尺度的可持续发展研究中,采用问卷调查的数据获取方式,保守地估算了该区居民的生态足迹需求和生态足迹供给,并与其他国家(地区)作比较,分析了该区的资源利用效益。结果表明,五桥河流域人均生态足迹需求为1.020 7 hm2.人-1,而生态承载力仅为0.465 2 hm2.人-1,生态赤字达到-0.555 5 hm2.人-1;生态足迹需求及亏缺主要源于林地和草地类产品的消费;五桥河流域生态足迹赤字已经高于全球水平(-0.4 hm2.人-1),资源利用效率仅为世界平均水平的12%,该区发展呈相对不可持续状态。The “ecological footprint（EF） ” method which made its debut just in recent years is a useful means for measuring the pressure imposed by human on natural ecology and determining regional sustainability as well. The EF theory,including its method and model,is briefly introduced. With Wuqiaohe Catchment as a case for study, the EF at the scale of a small catchment was calculated. The results show that the EF demand was 1. 020 7 hm^2 per capita in 2004 while the ecological carrying capacity was only 0. 465 2 hm~ per capita, constituting an ecological deficit of 0. 555 5 hm~ per capita, of which forest and arable land accounts for more than 50%. The deficit posed a threat to sustainability of the natural resource and environment in Wuqiaohe Catchment. Finally, the advantages and the disadvantages of the EF theory are also discussed.

关 键 词：生态足迹 生态承载力 小流域生态系统 可持续发展 五桥河流域 

分 类 号：X22[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X24