极限编程在中小型软件企业的运用  

Extreme Programming and Its Application in Medium and Smallscaled Software Enterprises

作　　者：张强华[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江万里学院,浙江宁波315101

出　　处：《现代电子技术》2005年第20期93-95,共3页Modern Electronics Technique

摘　　要：我国软件企业中存在规模偏小、产品大多数居于产业链的低端及开发管理落后的弊端。极限编程的出现,为解决这一问题提供了新的途径。极限编程是一种“轻量型”软件开发方法。极限编程以沟通、简单、反馈和勇气为准则,把软件开发概括为编码、测试、倾听及设计4项基本活动。他总结了十余种核心实践活动:计划制定、系统隐喻、简单设计、结对编程、测试驱动开发、持续集成、重构、小版本发布、集体代码所有权、现场用户及编码标准等。他可以有效面对需求的频繁变化,对于规模小、进度要求高、需求变化大、质量要求严格的项目具有良好的指导意义,特别适用于我国目前为数众多的中小型软件企业。The software enterprises in our country are of small scale and most of their products lie in the low end of the production chain. The management is rather backward. The emersion of extreme programming provides a new approach to these problems. Extreme programming is a method of developing lightweight software in recent years. It based on communication, simplicity ,feedback and courage. It generalizes software development in the following four activities： encoding ,testing ,listening and designing. It concludes about ten practices： planning game, system metaphor, simple design, pair programming, test -driven development ,continuous integration refactoring,small release,collective code ownership ,on- site customer, code standard etc. It can efficiently meet the needs of frequent changes. It is significant in guiding the project with small size,tight schedule, a lot of changes and strict quality control. It especially fits in with many medium and small - scaled software enterprises of the present day in China.

关 键 词：极限编程 软件工程 软件企业 项目 

分 类 号：TP311[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论]