LoHi和HiHiLo训练对女子赛艇运动员运动能力影响的比较研究  

Comparative Study on Athletic Ability of Female Rowers during Training of Living Low-Training High and Living High-Training High and Training Low

作　　者：高炳宏[1] 王道[1] 陈坚 周志勇 方小华[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育科学研究所,上海200030 [2]上海水上运动中心,上海201713 [3]上海体育学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育科学》2005年第11期33-39,42,共8页China Sport Science

基　　金：上海市体育局重点攻关课题(04JT006)。

摘　　要：旨在探讨LoHi和HiHiLo训练对运动员运动能力影响的机制,把13名优秀女子赛艇运动员随机分为两组,即LoHi组(7人)和HiHiLo组(6人),LoHi组每周进行3次低氧训练,每次1.5～2h;HiHiLo组每周进行3次低氧训练,每次1.5～2h,6天低氧睡眠,每次10～12h;低氧训练和睡眠时氧分压为15.4%(海拔高度2500m),大气压为常压。分别于训练前5～7d和训练后10～14d进行气体代谢、无氧代谢能力和专项运动能力的测试。结果表明,5周LoHi和HiHiLo训练有效提高了女子赛艇运动员的心肺功能和有氧代谢能力,并不同程度地改善了速度耐力和力量耐力水平;两种训练模式未对运动员磷酸原代谢能力和爆发力、速度力量等产生不利影响;同时,HiHiLo组对缺氧的适应能力和对运动能力的改善程度均高于LoHi组;此外,LoHi和HiHiLo在提高运动员专项有氧能力的效果上存在差异。This paper discussed the effects of living low-training high and living high-training high and training low on athletic ability. 13 elite female rowers were randomly divided into two groups with 7 rowers in LoHi group and 6 rowers in HiHiLo group. LoHi group made three times hypoxic training per week, 1. 5 - 2 hour each times;HiHiLo group made three times hypoxic training per week, 1.5 - 2 hour each times, 6 days sleep at hypoxic condition for 10-2 hour. The result showed that the training of LoHi and HiHiLo could effectively improve the aerobic metabolic capacity and cardiorespiratory function. Speed and strength endurance was improved at the certain degree, LoHi and HiHiLo had some disadvantage on explosive and speed strength. The ability adaptation in HiHiLo group was better than that of LoHi group. There existed difference on effects of improving specific aerobic ability between LoHi and HiHiLo group.

关 键 词：高原训练 赛艇 运动员 女子 运动能力 比较 

分 类 号：G804.5[文化科学—运动人体科学]