陕西蓝田灞河组的小羚羊  

DORCADORYX TEILHARD ET TRASSAERT, 1938 (BOVIDAE, ARTIODACTYLA) FROM THE BAHE FORMATION OF LANTIAN, SHAANXI PROVINCE, CHINA

作　　者：陈冠芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物和古人类研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《古脊椎动物学报》2005年第4期272-282,共11页Vertebrata Palasiatica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40272009);国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(编号:G2000077700);科技部国际科技合作重点计划项目(编号:2002CB714001)资助

摘　　要：描述了牛科小羚羊(Dorcadorys Teilhard et Trassaert,1938)一新种:D.orientalis sp. nov.。材料发现于陕西蓝田Loc.6,晚中新世灞河组中部。它和属型种Dorcadoryx triquetricor- nis的主要不同在于它的角心长,向上分散度大,角后窝深而狭长,眼眶向头骨两侧突出不明显,下颌骨水平支低而纤细,颊齿窄和前臼齿列相对长等。Dorcadoryx是中国北方和蒙古地区晚中新世至早上新世的特有类型之一。我国山西晚中新世的?Tragoreas(Bohlin,1935)、蒙古新近纪晚期的Tragoreas sp.2和sp.3以及Olonbulukia(?)sp.(Dmitrieva,1977)可能是它的成员。经修订,属的主要特征是个体小至中等大小,头骨狭长,角基之间的额面不向上隆起,头骨弯曲发生在额顶骨之间,眶上孔小,眶前窝大,颅顶部狭长,基枕部具中沟,前结节不明显,角心位于眼眶之上、不旋转,内外侧扁,分散度不大,稍向后弯曲,角柄长,角后窝存在, 前臼齿列退化以及p4的下后尖和下前尖相连等。它可能属于山羊亚科,包含4—5种。新种可能是其中的一个早期类型。A new bovid, Dorcadoryx orientalis sp. nov. , is described in this paper. The materials were found from the middle part of Bahe Formation Loc. 6, Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, China. The holotype is a frontlet with two horn cores （IVPP V 14413, Fig. 1A）. It is characterized by the horn cores being long, situated above the orbits, lacking torsion, laterolaterally compressed, divergent in anterior view, inclined backwards in side view and elliptical in cross section. The postcornual fossa is narrow and deep. The frontal is not raised between the horn bases. The supraorbital foramen is small. The premolar row is short relative to the length of molar row and the paraconid is fused with metaconid on p4. Dorcadoryx was first established by Teilhard and Trassaert in 1938 on the basis of materials from “Zone 1” of Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province. It contains one species, D. triquetricornis. Solounias （1982） referred it to Protoryx Major, 1891. Actually, it is a valid genus. Although it is similar to Protoryx in the size of the supraorbital foramina and the morphology of the horn cores, it can be distinguished from the former in the following features： small in size; the horn cores slenderer; postcomual fossa present; the frontal between the horn bases not elevated, the highest point of the skull situated at the frontoparietal suture behind the horn cores; the preorbital fossa more prominent; the side of the cranial slightly inflated; short premolar row in relation to the length of molar one and the metaconid fused with the paraconid on p4 etc. Similarly, Dorcadoryx differs in the aforementioned features from Pachytragus Schlosser, 1904 and Pseudotragus Schlosser, 1904 from the Late Miocene of Europe, and Olonbulukia Bohlin, 1937 from the Late Miocene of Northern China. Bohlin （ 1935 ） described ？ Tragoreas from the Baodean of Gansu and Shanxi. It contains four species. Among them, ？ Tragoreas sp. （Bohlin, 1935, figs. 84 - 85） was considered by Teilhard de Chardin and Trassaert （1938） to be

关 键 词：陕西蓝田 晚中新世 灞河组 小羚羊 

分 类 号：Q915.876[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]