夜蛾科昆虫“细胞变态”模式的研究  

A MODEL OF"CELL METAMORPHOSIS"IN NOCTUIDAE

作　　者：陈长琨[1] 王荫长[1] 朱荣生[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业昆虫研究所 [2]南京农业大学基础科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》1996年第1期34-41,共8页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：夜蛾科昆虫小地老虎、棉铃虫和粘虫,由幼虫经蛹至成虫的变态过程中,马氏管、直肠、脂肪体、后肠和前肠等成虫器官细胞的发生,具有相同的"细胞变态"模式:(1)预蛹期这些器官的幼虫细胞的细胞器如微绒毛、基膜内褶、线粒体和内质网等在崩解后,形成自体吞噬泡;(2)至前期蛹(1～5d),幼虫细胞残骸内的细胞核迅速分化或分裂,在自体吞噬泡逐渐消失的同时,成虫细胞器不断发生,形成成虫细胞的雏形;(3)后期蛹(5日龄后)成虫细胞进一步发育和分化,羽化后成虫细胞执行与幼虫不同的生理功能。"细胞变态"的启动在预蛹期,此时存在特种类型的脑神经分泌细胞,前胸腺处于蜕皮激素释放高峰期。成虫细胞分化关键时期是前蛹期。A model of'cell metamorphosis'of Malpighian tubules,rectum,fat body,hindgut and foregut were studied in Noctuidae,including Agrotis ypsilon,Heliothis armigera and Mythma separata.Attantion was paid on their cyto- logical changes in sixth larvae,prepupae and adult.It was proved that the adult cells generation of these organs of Noctuidae possessed the same'cell metamorphosis'programme.The results were summarized as follows:(1)The lar- vae cells degenerated during prepupal stage,and most of organelles such as microvilli,base infolds,mitochondria and endoplasmic raticula were destroyed;autophagocytosis took place.(2)The nucli degenerated larvae cells were rapidly divided and differentiated during early pupal stage(1-5 days).When autophagocytosis gradually disappeared in the larval cells,the adult organelles were generated so that embroyonic form of adult cells were reconstructed.(3)Adult cells fully developed during late pupae stage and they perform a different physiological function from larvae cells. (4)'Cell metamorphosis'started at prepupal stage.At this time there was one special type of neurosecrotory cells in the brain and the prothoracic glands were in the ecdyson release phase.The key period of adult cell differentiation was the early pupal sage.

关 键 词：小地老虎 棉铃虫 粘虫 细胞变态 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]