金翅和白头鹎的繁殖生态研究  

A research into the propagation ecology of Carduelis sinica and Pycnonotus sinenis

作　　者：韩芬茹[1] 周天林[1] 

机构地区：[1]陇东学院生命科学系,甘肃庆阳745000

出　　处：《陇东学院学报（自然科学版）》2005年第2期42-45,共4页Journal of Longdong University:Natural Science Edition

摘　　要：2003年3-8月，对陇东学院校园内金翅（Carduelis sinica）和白头鹎（Pycnonotus sinenis）的繁殖进行了观察和研究。结果表明：金翅的繁殖期为4-8月份，白头鹎的繁殖期为4-6月份，两种鸟的营巢地点多选在针叶树树冠中部，比较隐蔽。金翅每年多繁殖2窝，每窝产卵2-6枚，以4枚居多。白头鹎每窝产卵3-5枚，以4枚居多，卵较金翅卵大。金翅的孵卵期为15-16天，白头鹎为11-12天，相差4天左右。金翅雏鸟出壳先后不一，相差1-3天，而白头鹎出雏较整齐。白头鹎的育雏活动比金翅早，日喂雏次数差异不大，雏鸟体重及各器官的发育速度与育雏开始时间密切相关。金翅16日龄离巢，白头鹎12日龄离巢。比较灰椋鸟、白头鹎、金翅、北红尾鸲、大山雀等5种雀形目鸟类的体重与全卵重，可以看出，这5种鸟的体重与全卵重／体重的比值显著正相关（r=0．964274P〈0．01），其回归方程为Y=34．87246＋0．097017X。Between March and August 2003, we observed the behavior and analyzed the propagation of carduelis sinica and pycnonotus sinenis in Longdong University. The results show that the period of propagation of carduelis sinica is from April to August. And that for pycnonotus sinenis is form April to June. The habitat of them is usually in the mid- top of the conifer trees. The propagation rate of carduelis sinica is twice a year. Each of them can produce 2～6 eggs, averaging 4 eggs each time. The pycnonotus sinenis can produce 3～5 eggs, having the same average number. The hibernation period of carduelis sinica is 15～16 days, and that of the Pycnonotus sinenis is 11～12 days, 4 dyas shorter than carduelis sinica. The Carduelis sinica has different hatching time, ranging form 1～3 days while the hatching time for Pycnonotus sinenis is the same. The time of feeding baby bird of Pycnonotus sinenis is much earlier than the cardudis sinicag. Both births have the same feeding times every day. The activity of carduelis sinica of feeding baby is later than pycnonotus sinenis. The weight of the baby birds and the development of their organs are connected with the time of feeding, ie, after 16 days. The cardudis sinica will leave the nest in 16 days while the phcnonotus sinenis will leave in 12 days. This paper paints a picture of a research conducted to compare the weight and eggs＇ weight of Sturnus cineraceus, Phoenieurus auroreus, Parus major with cardudis sinica and Pycnonotus sinenis. From the above analysis, it can be conduced without any shadow of doubt that there are five birds in Longdong University which have a close relationship between body weight and weight of eggs. （r=0. 964274 p〈0. 01 ）. Its regress equation is Y=34. 87246＋0. 09701.

关 键 词：金翅 白头鹎 繁殖生态 种间差异 

分 类 号：Q95-3[生物学—动物学]