中国滇芎属果实解剖特征及分类学意义  

Comparative anatomical study on the genus Physospermopsis fruit from China and its systematic significance

作　　者：蒲高忠[1] 刘启新[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所(南京中山植物园),江苏南京210014

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2005年第4期1-6,共6页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30370102)

摘　　要：应用比较解剖学方法对国产滇芎属(Physosperm opsisW olff)以及瘤果芹属(TrachydiumL ind l.)和棱子芹属(PleurospermumHoffm.)共10种植物果实横切面的解剖特征进行了系统研究,比较分析了分生果的压扁程度、果棱大小、果壁各层果皮的特点、油管数目、胚乳形状等,归纳出上述各属果实的解剖特征,同时结合外部形态及花粉特征,将滇芎属果实分为3个类型。结合已有的研究结果,探讨了滇芎属果实的进化趋势以及属下分类和种间关系,并分析了与瘤果芹属和棱子芹属的演化关系,认为滇芎属果实较后二者果实演化程度低。By means of comparative anatomy method, the anatomical characters of fruit transection of 10 species belonging to 3 genera （Physospermopsis Wolff, Trachydium Lindl. and Pleurospermum Hoffm. ） in Apiaceae distributed in China was studied. The dorsal compressed degree of mericarp, the size of rib, specialityies of the carpodermis, the number of vittae and the shape of endosperm were compared. According to above anatomical characters, combining with external morphology characters and pollen morphology, the fruits of Physospermopsis were divided into three types. The interspecies relationship and fruit evolutionary trend in Physospermopsis, as well as the evolutionary relationship among Physospermopsis, Trachydium and Pleurospermum were also discussed. It is suggested that the fruit evolutionary degree of Physospermopsis is lower than that of both Trachydium and Pleurospermum.

关 键 词：滇芎属 瘤果芹属 棱子芹属 果实 解剖学 演化 

分 类 号：Q944.59[生物学—植物学] Q949.763.3