《老乞大》诸版本所反映的基本词历时更替  

The diachronic substitution of basic words in the four editions of Lao Qi Da

作　　者：汪维辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学中文系,210093

出　　处：《中国语文》2005年第6期545-556,共12页Studies of the Chinese Language

摘　　要：四种版本《老乞大》的语言是随着实际口语的变化而不断修订的,因此对研究从14世纪中叶至18世纪末期这四百多年间汉语的发展演变和现代汉语普通话的肜成过程具有独特的价值。其中有过历时更替的基本词就达80多组。本文以"言语-话"、"道-说"、"面-脸"、"将-拿"、"饥-饿"、"(天)明-(天)亮"、"便-就"这7组词为例,探讨了它们在四种版本中的历时更替过程及其与现代方言共时分布的关系。文章认为:把100-200个基本词的历时演变过程描写清楚,是汉语词汇史学科在现阶段的一项基本任务。The language employed in the four editions of Lao Qi Dawas revised in accordance with the changes of the Chinese colloquialism during that period.More than eighty groups of basic words which have undergone the diachronic substitution can be found in the four editions.The paper selects seven pairs of words,such as yanyuhua,dao—shuo,to discuss the diachronic substitution and its connection to the synchronic distribution of modern dialects as well.

关 键 词：《老乞大》 版本 基本词 汉语 口语 普通话 

分 类 号：H16[语言文字—汉语]