论历史人物评价中的“盖棺定论”问题  

On Final Judgment after One's Death

作　　者：刘克辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史系,北京100875

出　　处：《史学月刊》2005年第11期91-97,共7页Journal of Historical Science

摘　　要：人物评价是历史研究中的重要内容。由于诸多因素的影响,“盖棺定论”思想根深蒂固。但从历史学的发展史上看,很少有历史人物能有定论。从评价客体的复杂性及其活动价值随着社会发展而不一致方面来讲,“盖棺定论”是不可能的。从评价主体要受到各种因素的制约以及认识要不断的反复方面来讲,同样不可能有“盖棺定论”。“盖棺定论”限制了史家主体意识的发挥,弱化了人们的思维,因此要改变“定论”模式,充分发挥主体的主观能动性,以宽容的态度研究历史人物,方能使历史人物评价不断向真理方向发展,并具有鲜明的时代特征。Evaluation of a historical character is a major part of historical research. Vor various reasons me laea of final judgment after one＇s death is still popular. In fact, from the view of historical development, no historical character can get final judgment. For the character to be evaluated, his complex personality, the rise and fall of his activities in the eyes of historians of different ages make it impossible for him to receive final judgment. For the person to judge the historical character, his understanding deepens in the course of research, and his judgment is invariably influenced by various factors, so final judgment again is impossible.

关 键 词：人物评价 盖棺定论 评价主体 评价客体 

分 类 号：K03[历史地理—历史学]