太平洋牡蛎雄核发育卵中核行为的细胞学观察  

Cytological Observation on Nuclear Behavior in the Androgenetic Eggs of the Pacific Oyster,Crassostrea gigas

作　　者：袁媛[1] 李琪[1] 于瑞海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育部海水养殖重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第6期967-972,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170735);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助

摘　　要：利用荧光显微镜观察太平洋牡蛎正常卵子与雄核发育卵子在受精过程、减数分裂和卵裂早期中的核相变化。雄核发育单倍体是将强度为2.8mW.cm-2.s-1的紫外线照射30s的卵子与正常精子受精后得到的。结果表明,尽管紫外线照射并没有影响卵子的成熟分裂及雌性、雄性原核的形成,但使它们的发生过程滞后。在第1卵裂中期,雄核发育卵子中雌性原核并不像雄性原核一样形成染色体,而是形成1个浓缩的染色质小体(DCB)。第1卵裂后期,DCB不参与核分裂。第1卵裂结束时,DCB位于2个分裂球其中之一的细胞质内或在赤道板处被分割成2部分。实验结果首次提供了太平洋牡蛎雄核发育的细胞学证据。Nuclear changes in normal and androgenetic eggs of the Pacific oyster were examined under a fluorescence microscope during fertilization, meiosis and early development. The androgenetic haploids were induced by eggs, which were irradiated by ultraviolet （UV） light for 30s at an intensity of 2.8mW·cm^-2.s^-1 and inseminated with normal sperm. Although UV irradiation did not affect either meiotic maturation or the formation of the male and female pronuclei, their developmental progress was delayed. At the metaphase of the first cleavage, unlike the male pronucleus, the female pronucleus in the UV-irradiated eggs inseminated with normal sperm formed no chromosome, but formed a dense chromatin body （DCB）, which did not participate in the karyokinesis at the anaphase of the first cleavage. At the completion of cytokinesis of the first cleavage, the DCB was seen either in the cytoplasm of one of the two blastomeres or on the equatorial plate as two parted parts. Cytological evidence of the induction of androgenesis in the Pacific oyster was demonstrated for the first time.

关 键 词：太平洋牡蛎 雄核发育 核行为 

分 类 号：Q253[生物学—细胞生物学] S962.39[农业科学—水产养殖]