对立违抗性障碍患儿行为特征的初步研究  

A study of behavioral problems in oppositional defiant disorder

作　　者：朱焱[1] 苏林雁[1] 刘破资[2] 李素洁[3] 韦臻[1] 黄斌[3] 黄龄[3] 程芊[4] 李飞[1] 周明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所 [2]清华大学玉泉医院精神卫生中心 [3]长沙麓山国际实验学校 [4]湖南师范大学应用心理系2003级

出　　处：《中华精神科杂志》2005年第4期218-221,共4页Chinese Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30300118)

摘　　要：目的了解对立违抗性障碍(ODD)患者的行为特征。方法应用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)、教师报告表(TRF)及青少年自我报告表(YSR)对213例ODD儿童和213名正常儿童(对照组)进行评定和比较。结果(1)CBCLODD组的社交情况、学校情况及社会能力总分低于对照组,而退缩、躯体主诉、焦虑/抑郁、社交问题、思维问题、注意问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、内化性问题、外化性问题和行为问题总分高于对照组(均P<0.01)。(2)TRFODD组的学习努力、行为适当得体、学习效果、快乐、适应能力总分等的评分低于对照组,而退缩、焦虑/抑郁、社交问题、思维问题、注意问题、违纪行为、攻击性行为、内化性、外化性问题评分和行为问题总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05～0.01)。(3)YSRODD组的焦虑/抑郁、注意问题、违纪问题、攻击性问题、自我身份、外化性问题评分高于对照组(均P<0.05和<0.01)。结论ODD儿童存在更多的行为问题,以攻击、对抗、情绪不稳为主要特征,伴有退缩、焦虑抑郁等内化性问题。Objective To examine the behavioral characteristics of children with oppositional defiant disorder （ODD）. Methods This case-control study included 213 children with ODD and 213 healthy controls. The subjects were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL）, Teacher Report Form （TRF） and Youth Self-Report （YSR）. Results The ODD children had significantly less scores on the CBCL subscales of social, school, total competence and higher scores on the subscales of withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxious/depressed, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing, externalizing and total problems than the normal group （P 〈 0.01 ）. ODD group had significantly less scores on the TRF subscales of study hard, behavior pertinence, study gain, happy, total competence and higher scores on the withdrawn, anxious/depressed, social problems, thought problems, attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, internalizing, externalizing and total problems than the normal group （P 〈 0.05- 〈 0.01 ）. ODD group had significantly higher scores of the YSR subscale of anxious/depressed,attention problems, delinquent behavior, aggressive behavior, self-identity, externalizing and total problems than the normal group （P 〈 0.05 - 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The findings indicate that children with ODD have more behavioral problems. Aggressive, oppositional and emotional instability are their main behavioral traits, with comorbid withdrawal, anxietydepression problems in some children.

关 键 词：儿童 注意力缺陷和分裂性行为障碍 行为障碍 病例对照研究 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R179[医药卫生—临床医学]