工作记忆中的存储与加工:理论演变与新趋势  

Storage and Processing in Working Memory: Theory Changing and New Trend

作　　者：陈英和[1] 王明怡[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2005年第6期11-16,共6页Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270475);教育部人文社会科学重点学科基地项目(02JAZJDXLX002);北京市教育科学"十五"规划项目。

摘　　要：存储与加工的关系和性质是工作记忆研究中的基础性问题。对于工作记忆中的速度———广度关系,经典的理论解释是凯斯提出的“资源权衡模型”,认为在总加工空间不变的情况下,存储广度的增大是由于操作空间的减少造成的,但近来Towse和Hitch提出质疑,认为,上述关系也许是由于加工时间的增加而导致更多的遗忘造成的,由此提出了“任务转换说”,并获得了实证研究的支持。在工作记忆存储与加工的性质上,领域一般性和领域特殊性的争论引起了心理学家的关注,一种代表性的观点是,加工效能体现领域一般性,存储容量具有领域特殊性。The nature and relationship between storage and processing are the basic questions in working memory research. The span-speed relationship of working memory was originally explained in terms of ＂resource trade-off model＂ proposed by Case, which assumed increases in storage span was caused by decreases in operating space in a limited total capacity. Now, Towse and Hitch have argued, the relationship can be explained by ＂task-switching account＂ which assumed slower processing extended the time period over which memory items may be forgotten. The latter theory was supported by latest empirical studies. The issue on the nature of storage and processing in working memory is domain-general or domain - specific have attracted more and more psychologists＂ attention. A popular point of view on it is processing efficiency is domain-general and storage capacity is domain-specific.

关 键 词：工作记忆 资源权衡模型 任务转换说 领域一般性 领域特殊性 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]