东太平洋粘土沉积物的增白实验研究和结构分析  

Whitening Experimental Research and Structural Analsysis of Clay Sediments From the Eastern Pacific Ocean

作　　者：张培萍[1] 迟效国[2] 石学法[3] 田春燕[1] 马丽艳[1] 吕华华[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学材料科学与工程学院,吉林长春130026 [2]吉林大学地球科学学院,吉林长春130061 [3]海洋沉积与环境地质国家海洋局重点实验室

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2005年第4期431-437,共7页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：中国大洋协会国际海底资源开发"十五"计划项目--中国大洋调查区粘土沉积物应用的前瞻性研究(DY105-01-03)

摘　　要：为了有效开发利用深海粘土,必须针对东太平洋粘土的特点提高其白度和活性,对东太平洋中国大洋调查区粘土沉积物进行湿法提纯后,采用酸溶氢气法以锌做还原剂对其进行了增白处理,并在不同温度下焙烧;分析了酸的类型、浓度、还原剂用量、反应时间及焙烧温度等对粘土增白效果的影响,得出了最佳工艺条件;测定增白前后粘土的物理化学性能和粘土矿物的结构,发现增白的同时还可以提高粘土的比表面积和其在有机溶剂中的分散性;增白后粘土矿物总体上保持了层状结构,但局部结构有一定的破坏,因而提高了粘土矿物的结构活性。In order to efficiently exploit and utilize the oceanic clay, the whiteness and activity of clay sediments from the eastern Pacific Ocean shall be enhanced according to their characteristics. In a whitening experiment, the oceanic clay sediments were purified, treated with acid and zinc and calcined at different temperatures, the effects of acid type and concentration, amount of used zinc, reaction time and calcination temperature on clay whiteness were analyzed, and the optimal process conditions for clay whitenng were obtained. The physicochemical properties of untreated and treated clays and the clay mineral structures were determined, and it is shown from the determination results that the whiteness of clay sediment has been enhanced, and the specific surface area and dispersiveness in organic solvent of clay sample have also been enhanced. The layered structures of clay minerals are largely maintained, and some local structures are destructed to a certain degree, so the structural activity of clay minerals have been improved.

关 键 词：大洋粘土 增自 工艺 性能 结构 

分 类 号：P741[天文地球—海洋科学]