聚酮类化合物生物合成途径基因阳性菌株生物多样性研究  

Study on biodiversity of typeⅠ&Ⅱpolyketide synthesis genes positive microorganisms

作　　者：徐平[1] 李文均[1] 高慧英 徐丽华[1] 姜成林[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学云南省微生物所教育部微生物资源开放研究重点实验室和云南省生物资源保护与利用重点实验室,昆明650091 [2]华北制药集团新药中心,石家庄050015

出　　处：《微生物学报》2005年第6期821-827,共7页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家"973项目"(2004CB719601);国家自然科学基金(30270004);云南省自然科学基金(2004C0002Q)~~

摘　　要：从中国云南省采集土样,采用GPY培养基、淀粉_酪素琼脂培养基和甘油天门冬酰胺琼脂培养基分离得到了876株细菌放线菌菌株。经聚酮类化合物基因筛选得到75株Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型聚酮类化合物生物合成基因双阳性的菌株,经抗菌活性、形态、生理等结果分析比较,选取其中的10株进行了16SrDNA序列分析。在物种多样性方面,分离到的菌分布至少有7个科,8个属。其中有链霉菌科的链霉菌属,分枝杆菌科的分枝杆菌属,链孢囊菌科的链孢囊菌属和野野村菌属,诺卡氏菌科的诺卡氏菌属,微球菌亚目的一新属、产碱杆菌科的无色杆菌属和β_亚纲中与紫色杆菌属紧邻的一革兰氏阴性菌新属。综合其表型、基因型特征,初步确定其中8株为新物种。研究表明利用新的思路和程序从自然环境分离、鉴定未知菌是微生物资源开发利用的关键。Some soil samples were collected from different places in Yunnan Provinces, China. 876 bacteria or actinomycete strains were isolated using Glucose-Peptone-Yeast extract agar, Starch-Casein agar and Glycerol-Asparagine agar with these soil samples, of which about 100 strains belong to genus Streptomyces and the others belong to rare actinomycetes or bacteria. With polyketide synthesis gene screening, 75 strains were picked up as type Ⅰ＆Ⅱ polyketide synthesis gene positive strains. Then 10 strains were chosen for 16S rDNA amplification and systematic analysis based on comparing results with their anti-bacteria activity, morphology, and physiological characteristics analysis. They were classified to be at least 7 families and 8 genera, such as genus um and Nonomuraea Streptomyces of the family Streptomycetaceae, two genera rangiaceae, genus Mycobacterium of the family Mycobacteriaceae, genus Nocardia of the family Nocardiaceae, genus Achromobacter of the family , another two strains belong to the suborder Micrococcineae and the family Oxalobacteraceae＇, respectively. Eight of them were classified into six potential novel species and two new genera with polyphasic taxonomic methods. The results showed that designing new strategies for isolation and identification of microorganisms from natural environments was the key step to exploit microbial resources.

关 键 词：聚酮类化合物 基因筛选 放线菌 16S RDNA 生物多样性 

分 类 号：Q939[生物学—微生物学]