自动化还是控制?——论外语听力理解中的抑制机制  

Automaticity or Control? Inhibitory Mechanism in EFL Listening Comprehension

作　　者：吴诗玉[1] 王同顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学闵行校区外语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《外语电化教学》2005年第6期47-50,59,共5页Technology Enhanced Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：根据结构建构理论(Structure Building Theory),理解被认为是建构心智表征(mental representation)的过程.Gernsbacher和Faust指出这个过程的中心是抑制机制,抑制机制的效率解释了理解技巧的个体差异.语言理解能力较差的人不能抑制不相关信息,是因为他的抑制机制的效率低下,导致在建构结构中更为频繁的转换(shifting)并且建构更小的、更不连贯的表征结构.本文根据他们的理论,进一步论证了抑制机制在外语听力理解中的作用.结果表明自动化(automaticity)和控制(control orsuppress)都是听力熟练表现的重要方面,控制是自动化的高级境界,对听力理解都极其重要.According to the Structure Building Theory, comprehension is understood as a process of building mental representation. Gernsbacher and Faust suggested that central to this process is the general cognitive mechanism of suppression, the efficiency of which is responsible for individual differences in comprehension. Poor comprehenders have an inefficient suppression mechanism due to which they are unable to inhibit, irrelevant information. This would cause shifting more often in structure building and constructing smaller and less coherent representational structures. Based on their theories, the present paper further investigates the importance of inhibitory mechanism in foreign language listening comprehension. The results show that both automaticity and suppression are important aspects of skilled performance in listening comprehension, and suppression is the advanced phase of automaticity, which is quite important for listening comprehension.

关 键 词：抑制机制 自动化 语言水平 工作记忆 

分 类 号：H319.9[语言文字—英语]