对速滑运动员直道滑行技术的运动学分析  

Kinematics Analysis of the Elite Speed Skaters in a Stroke during the Straights of Speed Skating

作　　者：王新[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳体育学院运动人体科学系,辽宁沈阳110032

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2005年第6期48-51,共4页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

摘　　要：运用三维DLT摄像法,对国内两名优秀速滑运动员直道滑行技术进行运动学分析。研究结果表明:运动员自由滑行时间和单支撑时间偏长,降低了蹬冰频率;大腿带动小腿蹬冰动作不明显,在单支撑蹬冰阶段加大髋关节的蹬伸幅度,有利于发挥肌肉力量,提高蹬冰效果;在整个蹬冰过程中髋、膝关节起主要作用,单支撑蹬冰阶段膝关节伸展幅度过小,将造成消极蹬冰,影响肌力发挥;自由滑阶段较大的膝角导致压膝幅度增大,压膝幅度越大,压膝时间越长,对蹬冰效果造成的负面影响越大。The two excellent athletes＇ speed skating data are obtained and kinematically analyzed by using the three-dimensional DLT video camera. The result shows that if the athlete＇s slide time is too long, it will reduce the frequency of skating. It is not obvious that thigh drives shank. If the athlete strengthens the stretching range of the hip joint during the single support, it will help to strengthen muscle force and improve the effect of pedaling ice. Meanwhile, if the stretching range of the knee joint is too little in the course of side support pedaling, it will cause passive influence to skating. Bigger knee angle in freedom slippery stage will increase the scope of knee joint flex when the athlete begins to skate, which will do much harm to the performance.

关 键 词：速滑运动员 直道滑行 运动学分析 

分 类 号：G862.1[文化科学—体育训练]