大学生篮球运动员2年心电图追踪分析  

Tracing analysis on electrocardiograph of basketball players of college students in 2 years

作　　者：李国岩[1] 王爱华[1] 徐岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台师范学院体育学院篮球教研室,山东省烟台市264025

出　　处：《中国临床康复》2005年第44期124-125,共2页Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的:为保证运动员合理的训练和保持良好体能,实现对运动的科学医务监督,追踪检查了烟台师范学院男、女蓝球队运动员的心电图。方法:于2002-09/2004-11对烟台师范学院男、女篮球队全体运动员25人(男13人,女12人)进行了心电图的检查分析。采用日本三导心电图机,记录运动员安静心图,不同强度负荷训练中的心电图及比赛前后心电图。取卧位描记Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,aVR,aVL,aVF,V1,V3,V5等常规导联,部分运动员描记全部12导联。观察其心率、心律、传导及异常变化及心率特点,分析心电图变化与训练年限、运动强度的关系。结果:参加心电图测试者25人,全部结果入分析。①通过两年的跟踪检查,共测心电图125人次。先后出现异常9例,占36%;正常者占64%。其中窦性心动过缓16例,占64%;窦性心律不齐8例,占32%;房性早搏1例,占4%;室性早搏3例,占12%;Ⅰ度房室传达室导阻滞2例,占8%;异位早搏1例,占4%;左心室高电压2例,占8%。②参与检查的运动员平均心率为55.3次/min,男女运动员之间没有差异(56.7,53.9次/min;t=1.03,P>0.05)随训练年限的增加运动员的心率有减缓的趋势(训练1～2年的平均心率为58次/min,3～4年的平均心率为54次/min,5～6年平均心率为47次/mint=3.062,P<0.05)。③训练强度的大小及递增的快慢都能影响到心电图的变化,一般强度较小变化不大,但是中等强度及大强度影响较大,训练强度越大或递增速度过快而心电图变化越多[房性室性早搏:1(4%),3(12%);Ⅰ度房室性传导阻滞:0,2(8%);左室高电压:1(4%),1(4%)]。结论:训练强度和运动员的疲劳状态对心电图有直接的影响,在运动训练及比赛中应加强运动员心血管系统的医务监督,心电图是一个比较科学的监控指标。AIM： To make sure suitable training, keep well physical work, realize scientific supervision of medical affairs on exercise, and investigate electrocardiograph of male and female basketball players from Yantai Normal University. METHODS： Electrocardiograph of 13 males and 12 females from basketball teams of Yantai Normal University was detected with Japan cardiofax to record electrocardiogram without training, in various trainings, before and after competition. The routine leads such as Ⅰ, Ⅱ ,Ⅲ,aVR,aVL,aVF,V1, V3,V5, etc. were gained with clinostatism tracing. Totally 12 leads were traced in part of athletes. Abnormal changes of heart rate, cardiac rhythm and conduction with character of heart rate were observed. Association of changes of electrocardiograph with training years and exercise intensity was analyzed. RESULTS： Twenty-five who joined electrocardiographic test were all involved in the result analysis. ①Through two-year tracing examination, electrocardiogram check-up was performed for 125 times. There were 9 abnormal cases, occupying 36%, 64% normal persons, including 16 sinus bradycardia cases, occupying 64%; 8 sinus arrh thmia cases, occupying 32%; 1 atrial premature beats case, occupying 4%; 3 ventricular premature beats cases, occupying 12%; 2 Ⅰ -grade ventricle transmiting block cases, occupying 8%; 1 early beat of ectopia case, occupying 4% and 2 high electric pressure of left ventricle cases, occupying 8%. ②Average heart rate of tested athletes was 55.3 times per minute, and there was no difference between male and female athletes （56.7,53.9 times per minute;t =l.03,P 〉 0.05）. With the increase of exercise years, the heart rates of athletes decreased （mean heart rate after training for 1-2 years was 58 times per minute; mean heart rate after training for 3-4 years was 54 times per minute; mean heart rate after training for 5-6 years was 47 times per minute, t=3.062,P 〈 0.05）. ③The training intension and speed of increase could affect the changes of electrocardiograp

关 键 词：学生 心电描记术 心率 体育和训练 运动活动/生理学 篮球 

分 类 号：R339.4[医药卫生—人体生理学]