沈阳市土壤铅对儿童血铅的影响  

Influence of Soil Lead Upon Children Blood Lead in Shenyang City

作　　者：任慧敏[1] 王金达[1] 王国平[1] 张学林[1] 王春梅 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院

出　　处：《环境科学》2005年第6期153-158,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-SW-19-4-01);国家自然科学基金项目(40171089)

摘　　要：研究了沈阳市土壤铅和儿童血铅的动态关系,鉴于今后土壤是儿童最重要的铅暴露源,通过土壤铅预测儿童血铅,并计算当土壤铅含量削减到土壤质量二级标准时,儿童血铅恢复到安全阈值(10μg·dL-1)需要的时间,从而为土壤修复提供理论依据.研究表明,土壤铅和儿童血铅的相关系数在地理区水平上最高,为0.9200,地理区客观地代表了儿童铅暴露的真实范围.西部工业区有约90%的儿童血铅水平都高于安全阈值;东部儿童血铅水平最低,几乎没有超标现象;其它地理区儿童血铅的超标范围在3.48%～31.81%.西部工业区儿童血铅恢复到安全阈值以下所需的时间最长,平均为26.68月,其次为北部、东北部、西南部、西北部和中部,东部儿童已在安全水平.无论各地理区儿童血铅水平,还是平均恢复时间和最长恢复时间都受土壤铅含量控制.The dynamic correlation coefficients between soil lead and blood lead, the children blood lead arose from soil lead and the length of time over which the blood lead concentration can fall to be at or below the threshold value （ 10μg·dL^-1） are analyzed. If the aggregated soil lead and blood lead are stratified by the seven geographic regions studied, an elevated R of 0.9200 could be calculated, and the lead exposure assessment may require knowledge of geographic dimension of the exposure topology components. The children blood lead levels calculated based on the soil lead in the unit of geographic region show that the blood lead levels of about 90 % of children exceed the threshold value in the west industrial area, while they are all below the threshold value in the east area. The children, whose blood lead level exceed the threshold value, are in the range of 3.48% -31.81% in the other areas. The length of time over which the blood lead concentration can fall to be at or below the threshold value is highest, and average 26.68months, in the west area, and the order is the west 〉 the north 〉 the northeast 〉the southwest〉the northwest〉 central area 〉the east, it is zero in the east area, and the maximum recovery time follow the same order. The blood lead levels and the recovery time are controlled by the environmental lead contamination, and the lead hazard intervention would contribute to the fall of blood lead levels.

关 键 词：沈阳 儿童 血铅 土壤 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] G78[文化科学—教育学]