珍稀濒危鸟类微量取样及DNA提取的研究  

Microsampling and DNA Extraction of Rare and Endangered Birds

作　　者：田秀华[1] 刘铸[1] 白素英[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《经济动物学报》2005年第4期215-218,共4页Journal of Economic Animal

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关项目(GC04B519)

摘　　要：为解决珍稀濒危鸟类分子生物学研究中存在的取样局限性,采用非伤害性取样和非损伤性取样,对大鸨10～70μL的血液和羽毛的不同部位(羽根、羽髓、羽鞘、实心羽茎和羽毛上脐周围绒羽)的DNA提取进行了研究.结果表明,鸟类血液样本与哺乳动物样本极为不同,两者相同体积的血液中,鸟类样本DNA含量是哺乳动物样本的几百倍,研究发现,大鸨可以从微量的血液中(10μL)提取出较多的DNA(45.75μg).对于羽毛的不同部位,羽髓、羽鞘和羽根可以提出一定纯度的核DNA和mtDNA;实心羽茎可以提出一定纯度的mtD-NA.因此该研究将拓宽珍稀濒危鸟类采样的范围,为珍稀濒危鸟类的分子生物学研究提供了更广阔的样品来源.Research of rare and endangered birds in molecular biology exists limit of sampling. By nondestructive and noninvasive sampling, blood and different places of feather samples （quill, feather pulp, solid rhachis, theca of feather and plumula of upper umbilicus） of great bustard were collected, and their DNA were extracted. The notable difference between blood samples of birds and mammal is found. The samples of birds contain several hundred times as DNA quantity as the samples of mammal in blood of same volume. 45.75 μg DNA was obtained from micro-blood （ 10μL） of great bustard. Nuclear DNA and mtDNA are obtained from quill, feather pulp and theea of feather, only mtDNA from solid rhaehis. Therefore, the research will widen range of sampling in rare and endangered birds, and provide new sources of samples for studying on molecular biology of rare and endangered birds.

关 键 词：珍稀濒危鸟类 非伤害性取样 非损伤性取样 核DNA 线粒体DNA 

分 类 号：S864.3[农业科学—野生动物驯养]